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"
When
I
made
the
plans
for
this
submarine
vessel
,
I
meant
that
nine-tenths
should
be
submerged
:
consequently
it
ought
only
to
displace
nine-tenths
of
its
bulk
,
that
is
to
say
,
only
to
weigh
that
number
of
tons
.
I
ought
not
,
therefore
,
to
have
exceeded
that
weight
,
constructing
it
on
the
aforesaid
dimensions
.
"
The
Nautilus
is
composed
of
two
hulls
,
one
inside
,
the
other
outside
,
joined
by
T-shaped
irons
,
which
render
it
very
strong
.
Indeed
,
owing
to
this
cellular
arrangement
it
resists
like
a
block
,
as
if
it
were
solid
.
Its
sides
can
not
yield
;
it
coheres
spontaneously
,
and
not
by
the
closeness
of
its
rivets
;
and
its
perfect
union
of
the
materials
enables
it
to
defy
the
roughest
seas
.
"
These
two
hulls
are
composed
of
steel
plates
,
whose
density
is
from
.
7
to
.
8
that
of
water
.
The
first
is
not
less
than
two
inches
and
a
half
thick
and
weighs
394
tons
.
The
second
envelope
,
the
keel
,
twenty
inches
high
and
ten
thick
,
weighs
only
sixty-two
tons
.
The
engine
,
the
ballast
,
the
several
accessories
and
apparatus
appendages
,
the
partitions
and
bulkheads
,
weigh
961
.
62
tons
.
Do
you
follow
all
this
?
"
"
I
do
.
"
"
Then
,
when
the
Nautilus
is
afloat
under
these
circumstances
,
one-tenth
is
out
of
the
water
.
Now
,
if
I
have
made
reservoirs
of
a
size
equal
to
this
tenth
,
or
capable
of
holding
150
tons
,
and
if
I
fill
them
with
water
,
the
boat
,
weighing
then
1,507
tons
,
will
be
completely
immersed
.
That
would
happen
,
Professor
.
These
reservoirs
are
in
the
lower
part
of
the
Nautilus
.
I
turn
on
taps
and
they
fill
,
and
the
vessel
sinks
that
had
just
been
level
with
the
surface
.
"
"
Well
,
Captain
,
but
now
we
come
to
the
real
difficulty
.
I
can
understand
your
rising
to
the
surface
;
but
,
diving
below
the
surface
,
does
not
your
submarine
contrivance
encounter
a
pressure
,
and
consequently
undergo
an
upward
thrust
of
one
atmosphere
for
every
thirty
feet
of
water
,
just
about
fifteen
pounds
per
square
inch
?
"
"
Just
so
,
sir
.
"
"
Then
,
unless
you
quite
fill
the
Nautilus
,
I
do
not
see
how
you
can
draw
it
down
to
those
depths
.
"
"
Professor
,
you
must
not
confound
statics
with
dynamics
or
you
will
be
exposed
to
grave
errors
.
There
is
very
little
labour
spent
in
attaining
the
lower
regions
of
the
ocean
,
for
all
bodies
have
a
tendency
to
sink
.
When
I
wanted
to
find
out
the
necessary
increase
of
weight
required
to
sink
the
Nautilus
,
I
had
only
to
calculate
the
reduction
of
volume
that
sea-water
acquires
according
to
the
depth
.
"
