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The
king
was
struck
with
horror
at
the
description
I
had
given
of
those
terrible
engines
,
and
the
proposal
I
had
made
.
"
He
was
amazed
,
how
so
impotent
and
grovelling
an
insect
as
I
"
(
(
these
were
his
expressions
)
)
"
could
entertain
such
inhuman
ideas
,
and
in
so
familiar
a
manner
,
as
to
appear
wholly
unmoved
at
all
the
scenes
of
blood
and
desolation
which
I
had
painted
as
the
common
effects
of
those
destructive
machines
;
whereof
,
"
he
said
,
"
some
evil
genius
,
enemy
to
mankind
,
must
have
been
the
first
contriver
.
As
for
himself
,
he
protested
,
that
although
few
things
delighted
him
so
much
as
new
discoveries
in
art
or
in
nature
,
yet
he
would
rather
lose
half
his
kingdom
,
than
be
privy
to
such
a
secret
;
which
he
commanded
me
,
as
I
valued
any
life
,
never
to
mention
any
more
.
"
A
strange
effect
of
narrow
principles
and
views
!
that
a
prince
possessed
of
every
quality
which
procures
veneration
,
love
,
and
esteem
;
of
strong
parts
,
great
wisdom
,
and
profound
learning
,
endowed
with
admirable
talents
,
and
almost
adored
by
his
subjects
,
should
,
from
a
nice
,
unnecessary
scruple
,
whereof
in
Europe
we
can
have
no
conception
,
let
slip
an
opportunity
put
into
his
hands
that
would
have
made
him
absolute
master
of
the
lives
,
the
liberties
,
and
the
fortunes
of
his
people
!
Neither
do
I
say
this
,
with
the
least
intention
to
detract
from
the
many
virtues
of
that
excellent
king
,
whose
character
,
I
am
sensible
,
will
,
on
this
account
,
be
very
much
lessened
in
the
opinion
of
an
English
reader
:
but
I
take
this
defect
among
them
to
have
risen
from
their
ignorance
,
by
not
having
hitherto
reduced
politics
into
a
science
,
as
the
more
acute
wits
of
Europe
have
done
.
For
,
I
remember
very
well
,
in
a
discourse
one
day
with
the
king
,
when
I
happened
to
say
,
"
there
were
several
thousand
books
among
us
written
upon
the
art
of
government
,
"
it
gave
him
(
(
directly
contrary
to
my
intention
)
)
a
very
mean
opinion
of
our
understandings
.
He
professed
both
to
abominate
and
despise
all
mystery
,
refinement
,
and
intrigue
,
either
in
a
prince
or
a
minister
.
He
could
not
tell
what
I
meant
by
secrets
of
state
,
where
an
enemy
,
or
some
rival
nation
,
were
not
in
the
case
.
He
confined
the
knowledge
of
governing
within
very
narrow
bounds
,
to
common
sense
and
reason
,
to
justice
and
lenity
,
to
the
speedy
determination
of
civil
and
criminal
causes
;
with
some
other
obvious
topics
,
which
are
not
worth
considering
.
And
he
gave
it
for
his
opinion
,
"
that
whoever
could
make
two
ears
of
corn
,
or
two
blades
of
grass
,
to
grow
upon
a
spot
of
ground
where
only
one
grew
before
,
would
deserve
better
of
mankind
,
and
do
more
essential
service
to
his
country
,
than
the
whole
race
of
politicians
put
together
.
"
The
learning
of
this
people
is
very
defective
,
consisting
only
in
morality
,
history
,
poetry
,
and
mathematics
,
wherein
they
must
be
allowed
to
excel
.
But
the
last
of
these
is
wholly
applied
to
what
may
be
useful
in
life
,
to
the
improvement
of
agriculture
,
and
all
mechanical
arts
;
so
that
among
us
,
it
would
be
little
esteemed
.
And
as
to
ideas
,
entities
,
abstractions
,
and
transcendentals
,
I
could
never
drive
the
least
conception
into
their
heads
.
No
law
in
that
country
must
exceed
in
words
the
number
of
letters
in
their
alphabet
,
which
consists
only
of
two
and
twenty
.
But
indeed
few
of
them
extend
even
to
that
length
.
They
are
expressed
in
the
most
plain
and
simple
terms
,
wherein
those
people
are
not
mercurial
enough
to
discover
above
one
interpretation
:
and
to
write
a
comment
upon
any
law
,
is
a
capital
crime
.
As
to
the
decision
of
civil
causes
,
or
proceedings
against
criminals
,
their
precedents
are
so
few
,
that
they
have
little
reason
to
boast
of
any
extraordinary
skill
in
either
.
They
have
had
the
art
of
printing
,
as
well
as
the
Chinese
,
time
out
of
mind
:
but
their
libraries
are
not
very
large
;
for
that
of
the
king
,
which
is
reckoned
the
largest
,
does
not
amount
to
above
a
thousand
volumes
,
placed
in
a
gallery
of
twelve
hundred
feet
long
,
whence
I
had
liberty
to
borrow
what
books
I
pleased
.
The
queen
's
joiner
had
contrived
in
one
of
Glumdalclitch
's
rooms
,
a
kind
of
wooden
machine
five-and-twenty
feet
high
,
formed
like
a
standing
ladder
;
the
steps
were
each
fifty
feet
long
.
It
was
indeed
a
moveable
pair
of
stairs
,
the
lowest
end
placed
at
ten
feet
distance
from
the
wall
of
the
chamber
.
The
book
I
had
a
mind
to
read
,
was
put
up
leaning
against
the
wall
:
I
first
mounted
to
the
upper
step
of
the
ladder
,
and
turning
my
face
towards
the
book
,
began
at
the
top
of
the
page
,
and
so
walking
to
the
right
and
left
about
eight
or
ten
paces
,
according
to
the
length
of
the
lines
,
till
I
had
gotten
a
little
below
the
level
of
mine
eyes
,
and
then
descending
gradually
till
I
came
to
the
bottom
:
after
which
I
mounted
again
,
and
began
the
other
page
in
the
same
manner
,
and
so
turned
over
the
leaf
,
which
I
could
easily
do
with
both
my
hands
,
for
it
was
as
thick
and
stiff
as
a
pasteboard
,
and
in
the
largest
folios
not
above
eighteen
or
twenty
feet
long
.
Their
style
is
clear
,
masculine
,
and
smooth
,
but
not
florid
;
for
they
avoid
nothing
more
than
multiplying
unnecessary
words
,
or
using
various
expressions
.
I
have
perused
many
of
their
books
,
especially
those
in
history
and
morality
.
Among
the
rest
,
I
was
much
diverted
with
a
little
old
treatise
,
which
always
lay
in
Glumdalclitch
's
bed
chamber
,
and
belonged
to
her
governess
,
a
grave
elderly
gentlewoman
,
who
dealt
in
writings
of
morality
and
devotion
.
The
book
treats
of
the
weakness
of
human
kind
,
and
is
in
little
esteem
,
except
among
the
women
and
the
vulgar
.
However
,
I
was
curious
to
see
what
an
author
of
that
country
could
say
upon
such
a
subject
.
This
writer
went
through
all
the
usual
topics
of
European
moralists
,
showing
"
how
diminutive
,
contemptible
,
and
helpless
an
animal
was
man
in
his
own
nature
;
how
unable
to
defend
himself
from
inclemencies
of
the
air
,
or
the
fury
of
wild
beasts
:
how
much
he
was
excelled
by
one
creature
in
strength
,
by
another
in
speed
,
by
a
third
in
foresight
,
by
a
fourth
in
industry
.
"
He
added
,
"
that
nature
was
degenerated
in
these
latter
declining
ages
of
the
world
,
and
could
now
produce
only
small
abortive
births
,
in
comparison
of
those
in
ancient
times
.
"
He
said
"
it
was
very
reasonable
to
think
,
not
only
that
the
species
of
men
were
originally
much
larger
,
but
also
that
there
must
have
been
giants
in
former
ages
;
which
,
as
it
is
asserted
by
history
and
tradition
,
so
it
has
been
confirmed
by
huge
bones
and
skulls
,
casually
dug
up
in
several
parts
of
the
kingdom
,
far
exceeding
the
common
dwindled
race
of
men
in
our
days
.
"
He
argued
,
"
that
the
very
laws
of
nature
absolutely
required
we
should
have
been
made
,
in
the
beginning
of
a
size
more
large
and
robust
;
not
so
liable
to
destruction
from
every
little
accident
,
of
a
tile
falling
from
a
house
,
or
a
stone
cast
from
the
hand
of
a
boy
,
or
being
drowned
in
a
little
brook
.
"
From
this
way
of
reasoning
,
the
author
drew
several
moral
applications
,
useful
in
the
conduct
of
life
,
but
needless
here
to
repeat
.
For
my
own
part
,
I
could
not
avoid
reflecting
how
universally
this
talent
was
spread
,
of
drawing
lectures
in
morality
,
or
indeed
rather
matter
of
discontent
and
repining
,
from
the
quarrels
we
raise
with
nature
.
And
I
believe
,
upon
a
strict
inquiry
,
those
quarrels
might
be
shown
as
ill-grounded
among
us
as
they
are
among
that
people
.
As
to
their
military
affairs
,
they
boast
that
the
king
's
army
consists
of
a
hundred
and
seventy-six
thousand
foot
,
and
thirty-two
thousand
horse
:
if
that
may
be
called
an
army
,
which
is
made
up
of
tradesmen
in
the
several
cities
,
and
farmers
in
the
country
,
whose
commanders
are
only
the
nobility
and
gentry
,
without
pay
or
reward
.
They
are
indeed
perfect
enough
in
their
exercises
,
and
under
very
good
discipline
,
wherein
I
saw
no
great
merit
;
for
how
should
it
be
otherwise
,
where
every
farmer
is
under
the
command
of
his
own
landlord
,
and
every
citizen
under
that
of
the
principal
men
in
his
own
city
,
chosen
after
the
manner
of
Venice
,
by
ballot
?
