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He
laughed
at
my
"
odd
kind
of
arithmetic
,
"
as
he
was
pleased
to
call
it
,
"
in
reckoning
the
numbers
of
our
people
,
by
a
computation
drawn
from
the
several
sects
among
us
,
in
religion
and
politics
.
"
He
said
,
"
he
knew
no
reason
why
those
,
who
entertain
opinions
prejudicial
to
the
public
,
should
be
obliged
to
change
,
or
should
not
be
obliged
to
conceal
them
.
And
as
it
was
tyranny
in
any
government
to
require
the
first
,
so
it
was
weakness
not
to
enforce
the
second
:
for
a
man
may
be
allowed
to
keep
poisons
in
his
closet
,
but
not
to
vend
them
about
for
cordials
.
"
He
observed
,
"
that
among
the
diversions
of
our
nobility
and
gentry
,
I
had
mentioned
gaming
:
he
desired
to
know
at
what
age
this
entertainment
was
usually
taken
up
,
and
when
it
was
laid
down
;
how
much
of
their
time
it
employed
;
whether
it
ever
went
so
high
as
to
affect
their
fortunes
;
whether
mean
,
vicious
people
,
by
their
dexterity
in
that
art
,
might
not
arrive
at
great
riches
,
and
sometimes
keep
our
very
nobles
in
dependence
,
as
well
as
habituate
them
to
vile
companions
,
wholly
take
them
from
the
improvement
of
their
minds
,
and
force
them
,
by
the
losses
they
received
,
to
learn
and
practise
that
infamous
dexterity
upon
others
?
"
He
was
perfectly
astonished
with
the
historical
account
gave
him
of
our
affairs
during
the
last
century
;
protesting
"
it
was
only
a
heap
of
conspiracies
,
rebellions
,
murders
,
massacres
,
revolutions
,
banishments
,
the
very
worst
effects
that
avarice
,
faction
,
hypocrisy
,
perfidiousness
,
cruelty
,
rage
,
madness
,
hatred
,
envy
,
lust
,
malice
,
and
ambition
,
could
produce
.
"
His
majesty
,
in
another
audience
,
was
at
the
pains
to
recapitulate
the
sum
of
all
I
had
spoken
;
compared
the
questions
he
made
with
the
answers
I
had
given
;
then
taking
me
into
his
hands
,
and
stroking
me
gently
,
delivered
himself
in
these
words
,
which
I
shall
never
forget
,
nor
the
manner
he
spoke
them
in
:
"
My
little
friend
Grildrig
,
you
have
made
a
most
admirable
panegyric
upon
your
country
;
you
have
clearly
proved
,
that
ignorance
,
idleness
,
and
vice
,
are
the
proper
ingredients
for
qualifying
a
legislator
;
that
laws
are
best
explained
,
interpreted
,
and
applied
,
by
those
whose
interest
and
abilities
lie
in
perverting
,
confounding
,
and
eluding
them
.
I
observe
among
you
some
lines
of
an
institution
,
which
,
in
its
original
,
might
have
been
tolerable
,
but
these
half
erased
,
and
the
rest
wholly
blurred
and
blotted
by
corruptions
.
It
does
not
appear
,
from
all
you
have
said
,
how
any
one
perfection
is
required
toward
the
procurement
of
any
one
station
among
you
;
much
less
,
that
men
are
ennobled
on
account
of
their
virtue
;
that
priests
are
advanced
for
their
piety
or
learning
;
soldiers
,
for
their
conduct
or
valour
;
judges
,
for
their
integrity
;
senators
,
for
the
love
of
their
country
;
or
counsellors
for
their
wisdom
.
As
for
yourself
,
"
continued
the
king
,
"
who
have
spent
the
greatest
part
of
your
life
in
travelling
,
I
am
well
disposed
to
hope
you
may
hitherto
have
escaped
many
vices
of
your
country
.
But
by
what
I
have
gathered
from
your
own
relation
,
and
the
answers
I
have
with
much
pains
wrung
and
extorted
from
you
,
I
can
not
but
conclude
the
bulk
of
your
natives
to
be
the
most
pernicious
race
of
little
odious
vermin
that
nature
ever
suffered
to
crawl
upon
the
surface
of
the
earth
.
"
Nothing
but
an
extreme
love
of
truth
could
have
hindered
me
from
concealing
this
part
of
my
story
.
It
was
in
vain
to
discover
my
resentments
,
which
were
always
turned
into
ridicule
;
and
I
was
forced
to
rest
with
patience
,
while
my
noble
and
beloved
country
was
so
injuriously
treated
.
I
am
as
heartily
sorry
as
any
of
my
readers
can
possibly
be
,
that
such
an
occasion
was
given
:
but
this
prince
happened
to
be
so
curious
and
inquisitive
upon
every
particular
,
that
it
could
not
consist
either
with
gratitude
or
good
manners
,
to
refuse
giving
him
what
satisfaction
I
was
able
.
Yet
thus
much
I
may
be
allowed
to
say
in
my
own
vindication
,
that
I
artfully
eluded
many
of
his
questions
,
and
gave
to
every
point
a
more
favourable
turn
,
by
many
degrees
,
than
the
strictness
of
truth
would
allow
.
For
I
have
always
borne
that
laudable
partiality
to
my
own
country
,
which
Dionysius
Halicarnassensis
,
with
so
much
justice
,
recommends
to
an
historian
:
I
would
hide
the
frailties
and
deformities
of
my
political
mother
,
and
place
her
virtues
and
beauties
in
the
most
advantageous
light
.
This
was
my
sincere
endeavour
in
those
many
discourses
I
had
with
that
monarch
,
although
it
unfortunately
failed
of
success
.
But
great
allowances
should
be
given
to
a
king
,
who
lives
wholly
secluded
from
the
rest
of
the
world
,
and
must
therefore
be
altogether
unacquainted
with
the
manners
and
customs
that
most
prevail
in
other
nations
:
the
want
of
which
knowledge
will
ever
produce
many
prejudices
,
and
a
certain
narrowness
of
thinking
,
from
which
we
,
and
the
politer
countries
of
Europe
,
are
wholly
exempted
.
And
it
would
be
hard
indeed
,
if
so
remote
a
prince
's
notions
of
virtue
and
vice
were
to
be
offered
as
a
standard
for
all
mankind
.
To
confirm
what
I
have
now
said
,
and
further
to
show
the
miserable
effects
of
a
confined
education
,
I
shall
here
insert
a
passage
,
which
will
hardly
obtain
belief
.
In
hopes
to
ingratiate
myself
further
into
his
majesty
's
favour
,
I
told
him
of
"
an
invention
,
discovered
between
three
and
four
hundred
years
ago
,
to
make
a
certain
powder
,
into
a
heap
of
which
,
the
smallest
spark
of
fire
falling
,
would
kindle
the
whole
in
a
moment
,
although
it
were
as
big
as
a
mountain
,
and
make
it
all
fly
up
in
the
air
together
,
with
a
noise
and
agitation
greater
than
thunder
.
That
a
proper
quantity
of
this
powder
rammed
into
a
hollow
tube
of
brass
or
iron
,
according
to
its
bigness
,
would
drive
a
ball
of
iron
or
lead
,
with
such
violence
and
speed
,
as
nothing
was
able
to
sustain
its
force
.
That
the
largest
balls
thus
discharged
,
would
not
only
destroy
whole
ranks
of
an
army
at
once
,
but
batter
the
strongest
walls
to
the
ground
,
sink
down
ships
,
with
a
thousand
men
in
each
,
to
the
bottom
of
the
sea
,
and
when
linked
together
by
a
chain
,
would
cut
through
masts
and
rigging
,
divide
hundreds
of
bodies
in
the
middle
,
and
lay
all
waste
before
them
.
That
we
often
put
this
powder
into
large
hollow
balls
of
iron
,
and
discharged
them
by
an
engine
into
some
city
we
were
besieging
,
which
would
rip
up
the
pavements
,
tear
the
houses
to
pieces
,
burst
and
throw
splinters
on
every
side
,
dashing
out
the
brains
of
all
who
came
near
.
That
I
knew
the
ingredients
very
well
,
which
were
cheap
and
common
;
I
understood
the
manner
of
compounding
them
,
and
could
direct
his
workmen
how
to
make
those
tubes
,
of
a
size
proportionable
to
all
other
things
in
his
majesty
's
kingdom
,
and
the
largest
need
not
be
above
a
hundred
feet
long
;
twenty
or
thirty
of
which
tubes
,
charged
with
the
proper
quantity
of
powder
and
balls
,
would
batter
down
the
walls
of
the
strongest
town
in
his
dominions
in
a
few
hours
,
or
destroy
the
whole
metropolis
,
if
ever
it
should
pretend
to
dispute
his
absolute
commands
.
"
This
I
humbly
offered
to
his
majesty
,
as
a
small
tribute
of
acknowledgment
,
in
turn
for
so
many
marks
that
I
had
received
,
of
his
royal
favour
and
protection
.
