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On
the
5th
of
March
,
1867
,
the
Moravian
,
of
the
Montreal
Ocean
Company
,
finding
herself
during
the
night
in
27º
30
'
lat
.
and
72º
15
'
long.
,
struck
on
her
starboard
quarter
a
rock
,
marked
in
no
chart
for
that
part
of
the
sea
.
Under
the
combined
efforts
of
the
wind
and
its
four
hundred
horse
power
,
it
was
going
at
the
rate
of
thirteen
knots
.
Had
it
not
been
for
the
superior
strength
of
the
hull
of
the
Moravian
,
she
would
have
been
broken
by
the
shock
and
gone
down
with
the
237
passengers
she
was
bringing
home
from
Canada
.
The
accident
happened
about
five
o’clock
in
the
morning
,
as
the
day
was
breaking
.
The
officers
of
the
quarterdeck
hurried
to
the
after-part
of
the
vessel
.
They
examined
the
sea
with
the
most
careful
attention
.
They
saw
nothing
but
a
strong
eddy
about
three
cables
'
length
distant
,
as
if
the
surface
had
been
violently
agitated
.
The
bearings
of
the
place
were
taken
exactly
,
and
the
Moravian
continued
its
route
without
apparent
damage
.
Had
it
struck
on
a
submerged
rock
,
or
on
an
enormous
wreck
?
They
could
not
tell
;
but
,
on
examination
of
the
ship
's
bottom
when
undergoing
repairs
,
it
was
found
that
part
of
her
keel
was
broken
.
This
fact
,
so
grave
in
itself
,
might
perhaps
have
been
forgotten
like
many
others
if
,
three
weeks
after
,
it
had
not
been
re-enacted
under
similar
circumstances
.
But
,
thanks
to
the
nationality
of
the
victim
of
the
shock
,
thanks
to
the
reputation
of
the
company
to
which
the
vessel
belonged
,
the
circumstance
became
extensively
circulated
.
The
13th
of
April
,
1867
,
the
sea
being
beautiful
,
the
breeze
favourable
,
the
Scotia
,
of
the
Cunard
Company
's
line
,
found
herself
in
15º
12
'
long
.
and
45º
37
'
lat
.
She
was
going
at
the
speed
of
thirteen
knots
and
a
half
.
At
seventeen
minutes
past
four
in
the
afternoon
,
whilst
the
passengers
were
assembled
at
lunch
in
the
great
saloon
,
a
slight
shock
was
felt
on
the
hull
of
the
Scotia
,
on
her
quarter
,
a
little
aft
of
the
port-paddle
.
The
Scotia
had
not
struck
,
but
she
had
been
struck
,
and
seemingly
by
something
rather
sharp
and
penetrating
than
blunt
.
The
shock
had
been
so
slight
that
no
one
had
been
alarmed
,
had
it
not
been
for
the
shouts
of
the
carpenter
's
watch
,
who
rushed
on
to
the
bridge
,
exclaiming
,
"
We
are
sinking
!
we
are
sinking
!
"
At
first
the
passengers
were
much
frightened
,
but
Captain
Anderson
hastened
to
reassure
them
.
The
danger
could
not
be
imminent
.
The
Scotia
,
divided
into
seven
compartments
by
strong
partitions
,
could
brave
with
impunity
any
leak
.
Captain
Anderson
went
down
immediately
into
the
hold
.
He
found
that
the
sea
was
pouring
into
the
fifth
compartment
;
and
the
rapidity
of
the
influx
proved
that
the
force
of
the
water
was
considerable
.
Fortunately
this
compartment
did
not
hold
the
boilers
,
or
the
fires
would
have
been
immediately
extinguished
.
Captain
Anderson
ordered
the
engines
to
be
stopped
at
once
,
and
one
of
the
men
went
down
to
ascertain
the
extent
of
the
injury
.
Some
minutes
afterwards
they
discovered
the
existence
of
a
large
hole
,
two
yards
in
diameter
,
in
the
ship
's
bottom
.
Such
a
leak
could
not
be
stopped
;
and
the
Scotia
,
her
paddles
half
submerged
,
was
obliged
to
continue
her
course
.
She
was
then
three
hundred
miles
from
Cape
Clear
,
and
,
after
three
days
'
delay
,
which
caused
great
uneasiness
in
Liverpool
,
she
entered
the
basin
of
the
company
.
The
engineers
visited
the
Scotia
,
which
was
put
in
dry
dock
.
They
could
scarcely
believe
it
possible
;
at
two
yards
and
a
half
below
water-mark
was
a
regular
rent
,
in
the
form
of
an
isosceles
triangle
.
The
broken
place
in
the
iron
plates
was
so
perfectly
defined
that
it
could
not
have
been
more
neatly
done
by
a
punch
.
It
was
clear
,
then
,
that
the
instrument
producing
the
perforation
was
not
of
a
common
stamp
and
,
after
having
been
driven
with
prodigious
strength
,
and
piercing
an
iron
plate
1 3/8
inches
thick
,
had
withdrawn
itself
by
a
backward
motion
.
Such
was
the
last
fact
,
which
resulted
in
exciting
once
more
the
torrent
of
public
opinion
.
From
this
moment
all
unlucky
casualties
which
could
not
be
otherwise
accounted
for
were
put
down
to
the
monster
.
Upon
this
imaginary
creature
rested
the
responsibility
of
all
these
shipwrecks
,
which
unfortunately
were
considerable
;
for
of
three
thousand
ships
whose
loss
was
annually
recorded
at
Lloyd
's
,
the
number
of
sailing
and
steam-ships
supposed
to
be
totally
lost
,
from
the
absence
of
all
news
,
amounted
to
not
less
than
two
hundred
!
