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- Стр. 1255/1273
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What
causes
historical
events
?
Power
.
What
is
power
?
Power
is
the
collective
will
of
the
people
transferred
to
one
person
.
Under
what
condition
is
the
will
of
the
people
delegated
to
one
person
?
On
condition
that
that
person
expresses
the
will
of
the
whole
people
.
That
is
,
power
is
power
:
in
other
words
,
power
is
a
word
the
meaning
of
which
we
do
not
understand
.
If
the
realm
of
human
knowledge
were
confined
to
abstract
reasoning
,
then
having
subjected
to
criticism
the
explanation
of
"
power
"
that
juridical
science
gives
us
,
humanity
would
conclude
that
power
is
merely
a
word
and
has
no
real
existence
.
But
to
understand
phenomena
man
has
,
besides
abstract
reasoning
,
experience
by
which
he
verifies
his
reflections
.
And
experience
tells
us
that
power
is
not
merely
a
word
but
an
actually
existing
phenomenon
.
Not
to
speak
of
the
fact
that
no
description
of
the
collective
activity
of
men
can
do
without
the
conception
of
power
,
the
existence
of
power
is
proved
both
by
history
and
by
observing
contemporary
events
.
Whenever
an
event
occurs
a
man
appears
or
men
appear
,
by
whose
will
the
event
seems
to
have
taken
place
.
Napoleon
III
issues
a
decree
and
the
French
go
to
Mexico
.
The
King
of
Prussia
and
Bismarck
issue
decrees
and
an
army
enters
Bohemia
.
Napoleon
I
issues
a
decree
and
an
army
enters
Russia
.
Alexander
I
gives
a
command
and
the
French
submit
to
the
Bourbons
.
Experience
shows
us
that
whatever
event
occurs
it
is
always
related
to
the
will
of
one
or
of
several
men
who
have
decreed
it
.
The
historians
,
in
accord
with
the
old
habit
of
acknowledging
divine
intervention
in
human
affairs
,
want
to
see
the
cause
of
events
in
the
expression
of
the
will
of
someone
endowed
with
power
,
but
that
supposition
is
not
confirmed
either
by
reason
or
by
experience
.
On
the
one
side
reflection
shows
that
the
expression
of
a
man
's
will
--
his
words
--
are
only
part
of
the
general
activity
expressed
in
an
event
,
as
for
instance
in
a
war
or
a
revolution
,
and
so
without
assuming
an
incomprehensible
,
supernatural
force
--
a
miracle
--
one
can
not
admit
that
words
can
be
the
immediate
cause
of
the
movements
of
millions
of
men
.
On
the
other
hand
,
even
if
we
admitted
that
words
could
be
the
cause
of
events
,
history
shows
that
the
expression
of
the
will
of
historical
personages
does
not
in
most
cases
produce
any
effect
,
that
is
to
say
,
their
commands
are
often
not
executed
,
and
sometimes
the
very
opposite
of
what
they
order
occurs
.
Without
admitting
divine
intervention
in
the
affairs
of
humanity
we
can
not
regard
"
power
"
as
the
cause
of
events
.
Power
,
from
the
standpoint
of
experience
,
is
merely
the
relation
that
exists
between
the
expression
of
someone
's
will
and
the
execution
of
that
will
by
others
.
To
explain
the
conditions
of
that
relationship
we
must
first
establish
a
conception
of
the
expression
of
will
,
referring
it
to
man
and
not
to
the
Deity
.
