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- Стр. 1199/1273
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By
discarding
a
claim
to
knowledge
of
the
ultimate
purpose
,
we
shall
clearly
perceive
that
just
as
one
can
not
imagine
a
blossom
or
seed
for
any
single
plant
better
suited
to
it
than
those
it
produces
,
so
it
is
impossible
to
imagine
any
two
people
more
completely
adapted
down
to
the
smallest
detail
for
the
purpose
they
had
to
fulfill
,
than
Napoleon
and
Alexander
with
all
their
antecedents
.
The
fundamental
and
essential
significance
of
the
European
events
of
the
beginning
of
the
nineteenth
century
lies
in
the
movement
of
the
mass
of
the
European
peoples
from
west
to
east
and
afterwards
from
east
to
west
.
The
commencement
of
that
movement
was
the
movement
from
west
to
east
.
For
the
peoples
of
the
west
to
be
able
to
make
their
warlike
movement
to
Moscow
it
was
necessary
:
(
1
)
that
they
should
form
themselves
into
a
military
group
of
a
size
able
to
endure
a
collision
with
the
warlike
military
group
of
the
east
,
(
2
)
that
they
should
abandon
all
established
traditions
and
customs
,
and
(
3
)
that
during
their
military
movement
they
should
have
at
their
head
a
man
who
could
justify
to
himself
and
to
them
the
deceptions
,
robberies
,
and
murders
which
would
have
to
be
committed
during
that
movement
.
And
beginning
with
the
French
Revolution
the
old
inadequately
large
group
was
destroyed
,
as
well
as
the
old
habits
and
traditions
,
and
step
by
step
a
group
was
formed
of
larger
dimensions
with
new
customs
and
traditions
,
and
a
man
was
produced
who
would
stand
at
the
head
of
the
coming
movement
and
bear
the
responsibility
for
all
that
had
to
be
done
.
A
man
without
convictions
,
without
habits
,
without
traditions
,
without
a
name
,
and
not
even
a
Frenchman
,
emerges
--
by
what
seem
the
strangest
chances
--
from
among
all
the
seething
French
parties
,
and
without
joining
any
one
of
them
is
borne
forward
to
a
prominent
position
.
The
ignorance
of
his
colleagues
,
the
weakness
and
insignificance
of
his
opponents
,
the
frankness
of
his
falsehoods
,
and
the
dazzling
and
self-confident
limitations
of
this
man
raise
him
to
the
head
of
the
army
.
The
brilliant
qualities
of
the
soldiers
of
the
army
sent
to
Italy
,
his
opponents
'
reluctance
to
fight
,
and
his
own
childish
audacity
and
self-confidence
secure
him
military
fame
.
Innumerable
so-called
chances
accompany
him
everywhere
.
The
disfavor
into
which
he
falls
with
the
rulers
of
France
turns
to
his
advantage
.
His
attempts
to
avoid
his
predestined
path
are
unsuccessful
:
he
is
not
received
into
the
Russian
service
,
and
the
appointment
he
seeks
in
Turkey
comes
to
nothing
.
During
the
war
in
Italy
he
is
several
times
on
the
verge
of
destruction
and
each
time
is
saved
in
an
unexpected
manner
.
Owing
to
various
diplomatic
considerations
the
Russian
armies
--
just
those
which
might
have
destroyed
his
prestige
--
do
not
appear
upon
the
scene
till
he
is
no
longer
there
.
On
his
return
from
Italy
he
finds
the
government
in
Paris
in
a
process
of
dissolution
in
which
all
those
who
are
in
it
are
inevitably
wiped
out
and
destroyed
.
And
by
chance
an
escape
from
this
dangerous
position
presents
itself
in
the
form
of
an
aimless
and
senseless
expedition
to
Africa
.
Again
so-called
chance
accompanies
him
.
Impregnable
Malta
surrenders
without
a
shot
;
his
most
reckless
schemes
are
crowned
with
success
.
The
enemy
's
fleet
,
which
subsequently
did
not
let
a
single
boat
pass
,
allows
his
entire
army
to
elude
it
.
In
Africa
a
whole
series
of
outrages
are
committed
against
the
almost
unarmed
inhabitants
.
And
the
men
who
commit
these
crimes
,
especially
their
leader
,
assure
themselves
that
this
is
admirable
,
this
is
glory
--
it
resembles
Caesar
and
Alexander
the
Great
and
is
therefore
good
.
This
ideal
of
glory
and
grandeur
--
which
consists
not
merely
in
considering
nothing
wrong
that
one
does
but
in
priding
oneself
on
every
crime
one
commits
,
ascribing
to
it
an
incomprehensible
supernatural
significance
--
that
ideal
,
destined
to
guide
this
man
and
his
associates
,
had
scope
for
its
development
in
Africa
.
Whatever
he
does
succeeds
.
The
plague
does
not
touch
him
.
The
cruelty
of
murdering
prisoners
is
not
imputed
to
him
as
a
fault
.
His
childishly
rash
,
uncalled-for
,
and
ignoble
departure
from
Africa
,
leaving
his
comrades
in
distress
,
is
set
down
to
his
credit
,
and
again
the
enemy
's
fleet
twice
lets
him
slip
past
.
When
,
intoxicated
by
the
crimes
he
has
committed
so
successfully
,
he
reaches
Paris
,
the
dissolution
of
the
republican
government
,
which
a
year
earlier
might
have
ruined
him
,
has
reached
its
extreme
limit
,
and
his
presence
there
now
as
a
newcomer
free
from
party
entanglements
can
only
serve
to
exalt
him
--
and
though
he
himself
has
no
plan
,
he
is
quite
ready
for
his
new
rôle
.
He
had
no
plan
,
he
was
afraid
of
everything
,
but
the
parties
snatched
at
him
and
demanded
his
participation
.
He
alone
--
with
his
ideal
of
glory
and
grandeur
developed
in
Italy
and
Egypt
,
his
insane
self-adulation
,
his
boldness
in
crime
and
frankness
in
lying
--
he
alone
could
justify
what
had
to
be
done
.
