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A
general
confessed
,
in
my
presence
,
"
that
he
got
a
victory
purely
by
the
force
of
cowardice
and
ill
conduct
;
"
and
an
admiral
,
"
that
,
for
want
of
proper
intelligence
,
he
beat
the
enemy
,
to
whom
he
intended
to
betray
the
fleet
.
"
Three
kings
protested
to
me
,
"
that
in
their
whole
reigns
they
never
did
once
prefer
any
person
of
merit
,
unless
by
mistake
,
or
treachery
of
some
minister
in
whom
they
confided
;
neither
would
they
do
it
if
they
were
to
live
again
:
"
and
they
showed
,
with
great
strength
of
reason
,
"
that
the
royal
throne
could
not
be
supported
without
corruption
,
because
that
positive
,
confident
,
restiff
temper
,
which
virtue
infused
into
a
man
,
was
a
perpetual
clog
to
public
business
.
"
I
had
the
curiosity
to
inquire
in
a
particular
manner
,
by
what
methods
great
numbers
had
procured
to
themselves
high
titles
of
honour
,
and
prodigious
estates
;
and
I
confined
my
inquiry
to
a
very
modern
period
:
however
,
without
grating
upon
present
times
,
because
I
would
be
sure
to
give
no
offence
even
to
foreigners
(
(
for
I
hope
the
reader
need
not
be
told
,
that
I
do
not
in
the
least
intend
my
own
country
,
in
what
I
say
upon
this
occasion
,
)
)
a
great
number
of
persons
concerned
were
called
up
;
and
,
upon
a
very
slight
examination
,
discovered
such
a
scene
of
infamy
,
that
I
can
not
reflect
upon
it
without
some
seriousness
.
Perjury
,
oppression
,
subornation
,
fraud
,
pandarism
,
and
the
like
infirmities
,
were
among
the
most
excusable
arts
they
had
to
mention
;
and
for
these
I
gave
,
as
it
was
reasonable
,
great
allowance
.
But
when
some
confessed
they
owed
their
greatness
and
wealth
to
sodomy
,
or
incest
;
others
,
to
the
prostituting
of
their
own
wives
and
daughters
;
others
,
to
the
betraying
of
their
country
or
their
prince
;
some
,
to
poisoning
;
more
to
the
perverting
of
justice
,
in
order
to
destroy
the
innocent
,
I
hope
I
may
be
pardoned
,
if
these
discoveries
inclined
me
a
little
to
abate
of
that
profound
veneration
,
which
I
am
naturally
apt
to
pay
to
persons
of
high
rank
,
who
ought
to
be
treated
with
the
utmost
respect
due
to
their
sublime
dignity
,
by
us
their
inferiors
.
I
had
often
read
of
some
great
services
done
to
princes
and
states
,
and
desired
to
see
the
persons
by
whom
those
services
were
performed
.
Upon
inquiry
I
was
told
,
"
that
their
names
were
to
be
found
on
no
record
,
except
a
few
of
them
,
whom
history
has
represented
as
the
vilest
of
rogues
and
traitors
.
"
As
to
the
rest
,
I
had
never
once
heard
of
them
.
They
all
appeared
with
dejected
looks
,
and
in
the
meanest
habit
;
most
of
them
telling
me
,
"
they
died
in
poverty
and
disgrace
,
and
the
rest
on
a
scaffold
or
a
gibbet
.
"
Among
others
,
there
was
one
person
,
whose
case
appeared
a
little
singular
.
He
had
a
youth
about
eighteen
years
old
standing
by
his
side
.
He
told
me
,
"
he
had
for
many
years
been
commander
of
a
ship
;
and
in
the
sea
fight
at
Actium
had
the
good
fortune
to
break
through
the
enemy
's
great
line
of
battle
,
sink
three
of
their
capital
ships
,
and
take
a
fourth
,
which
was
the
sole
cause
of
Antony
's
flight
,
and
of
the
victory
that
ensued
;
that
the
youth
standing
by
him
,
his
only
son
,
was
killed
in
the
action
.
"
He
added
,
"
that
upon
the
confidence
of
some
merit
,
the
war
being
at
an
end
,
he
went
to
Rome
,
and
solicited
at
the
court
of
Augustus
to
be
preferred
to
a
greater
ship
,
whose
commander
had
been
killed
;
but
,
without
any
regard
to
his
pretensions
,
it
was
given
to
a
boy
who
had
never
seen
the
sea
,
the
son
of
Libertina
,
who
waited
on
one
of
the
emperor
's
mistresses
.
Returning
back
to
his
own
vessel
,
he
was
charged
with
neglect
of
duty
,
and
the
ship
given
to
a
favourite
page
of
Publicola
,
the
vice-admiral
;
whereupon
he
retired
to
a
poor
farm
at
a
great
distance
from
Rome
,
and
there
ended
his
life
.
"
I
was
so
curious
to
know
the
truth
of
this
story
,
that
I
desired
Agrippa
might
be
called
,
who
was
admiral
in
that
fight
.
He
appeared
,
and
confirmed
the
whole
account
:
but
with
much
more
advantage
to
the
captain
,
whose
modesty
had
extenuated
or
concealed
a
great
part
of
his
merit
.
I
was
surprised
to
find
corruption
grown
so
high
and
so
quick
in
that
empire
,
by
the
force
of
luxury
so
lately
introduced
;
which
made
me
less
wonder
at
many
parallel
cases
in
other
countries
,
where
vices
of
all
kinds
have
reigned
so
much
longer
,
and
where
the
whole
praise
,
as
well
as
pillage
,
has
been
engrossed
by
the
chief
commander
,
who
perhaps
had
the
least
title
to
either
As
every
person
called
up
made
exactly
the
same
appearance
he
had
done
in
the
world
,
it
gave
me
melancholy
reflections
to
observe
how
much
the
race
of
human
kind
was
degenerated
among
us
within
these
hundred
years
past
;
how
the
pox
,
under
all
its
consequences
and
denominations
had
altered
every
lineament
of
an
English
countenance
;
shortened
the
size
of
bodies
,
unbraced
the
nerves
,
relaxed
the
sinews
and
muscles
,
introduced
a
sallow
complexion
,
and
rendered
the
flesh
loose
and
rancid
.
I
descended
so
low
,
as
to
desire
some
English
yeoman
of
the
old
stamp
might
be
summoned
to
appear
;
once
so
famous
for
the
simplicity
of
their
manners
,
diet
,
and
dress
;
for
justice
in
their
dealings
;
for
their
true
spirit
of
liberty
;
for
their
valour
,
and
love
of
their
country
.
Neither
could
I
be
wholly
unmoved
,
after
comparing
the
living
with
the
dead
,
when
I
considered
how
all
these
pure
native
virtues
were
prostituted
for
a
piece
of
money
by
their
grand-children
;
who
,
in
selling
their
votes
and
managing
at
elections
,
have
acquired
every
vice
and
corruption
that
can
possibly
be
learned
in
a
court
.
The
day
of
our
departure
being
come
,
I
took
leave
of
his
highness
,
the
Governor
of
Glubbdubdrib
,
and
returned
with
my
two
companions
to
Maldonada
,
where
,
after
a
fortnight
's
waiting
,
a
ship
was
ready
to
sail
for
Luggnagg
.
The
two
gentlemen
,
and
some
others
,
were
so
generous
and
kind
as
to
furnish
me
with
provisions
,
and
see
me
on
board
.
I
was
a
month
in
this
voyage
.
We
had
one
violent
storm
,
and
were
under
a
necessity
of
steering
westward
to
get
into
the
trade
wind
,
which
holds
for
above
sixty
leagues
.
On
the
21st
of
April
,
1708
,
we
sailed
into
the
river
of
Clumegnig
,
which
is
a
seaport
town
,
at
the
south-east
point
of
Luggnagg
.
We
cast
anchor
within
a
league
of
the
town
,
and
made
a
signal
for
a
pilot
.
Two
of
them
came
on
board
in
less
than
half
an
hour
,
by
whom
we
were
guided
between
certain
shoals
and
rocks
,
which
are
very
dangerous
in
the
passage
,
to
a
large
basin
,
where
a
fleet
may
ride
in
safety
within
a
cable
's
length
of
the
town-wall
.
