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It
would
be
tedious
to
trouble
the
reader
with
relating
what
vast
numbers
of
illustrious
persons
were
called
up
to
gratify
that
insatiable
desire
I
had
to
see
the
world
in
every
period
of
antiquity
placed
before
me
.
I
chiefly
fed
mine
eyes
with
beholding
the
destroyers
of
tyrants
and
usurpers
,
and
the
restorers
of
liberty
to
oppressed
and
injured
nations
.
But
it
is
impossible
to
express
the
satisfaction
I
received
in
my
own
mind
,
after
such
a
manner
as
to
make
it
a
suitable
entertainment
to
the
reader
.
Having
a
desire
to
see
those
ancients
who
were
most
renowned
for
wit
and
learning
,
I
set
apart
one
day
on
purpose
.
I
proposed
that
Homer
and
Aristotle
might
appear
at
the
head
of
all
their
commentators
;
but
these
were
so
numerous
,
that
some
hundreds
were
forced
to
attend
in
the
court
,
and
outward
rooms
of
the
palace
.
I
knew
,
and
could
distinguish
those
two
heroes
,
at
first
sight
,
not
only
from
the
crowd
,
but
from
each
other
.
Homer
was
the
taller
and
comelier
person
of
the
two
,
walked
very
erect
for
one
of
his
age
,
and
his
eyes
were
the
most
quick
and
piercing
I
ever
beheld
.
Aristotle
stooped
much
,
and
made
use
of
a
staff
.
His
visage
was
meagre
,
his
hair
lank
and
thin
,
and
his
voice
hollow
.
I
soon
discovered
that
both
of
them
were
perfect
strangers
to
the
rest
of
the
company
,
and
had
never
seen
or
heard
of
them
before
;
and
I
had
a
whisper
from
a
ghost
who
shall
be
nameless
,
"
that
these
commentators
always
kept
in
the
most
distant
quarters
from
their
principals
,
in
the
lower
world
,
through
a
consciousness
of
shame
and
guilt
,
because
they
had
so
horribly
misrepresented
the
meaning
of
those
authors
to
posterity
.
"
I
introduced
Didymus
and
Eustathius
to
Homer
,
and
prevailed
on
him
to
treat
them
better
than
perhaps
they
deserved
,
for
he
soon
found
they
wanted
a
genius
to
enter
into
the
spirit
of
a
poet
.
But
Aristotle
was
out
of
all
patience
with
the
account
I
gave
him
of
Scotus
and
Ramus
,
as
I
presented
them
to
him
;
and
he
asked
them
,
"
whether
the
rest
of
the
tribe
were
as
great
dunces
as
themselves
?
"
I
then
desired
the
governor
to
call
up
Descartes
and
Gassendi
,
with
whom
I
prevailed
to
explain
their
systems
to
Aristotle
.
This
great
philosopher
freely
acknowledged
his
own
mistakes
in
natural
philosophy
,
because
he
proceeded
in
many
things
upon
conjecture
,
as
all
men
must
do
;
and
he
found
that
Gassendi
,
who
had
made
the
doctrine
of
Epicurus
as
palatable
as
he
could
,
and
the
vortices
of
Descartes
,
were
equally
to
be
exploded
.
He
predicted
the
same
fate
to
ATTRACTION
,
whereof
the
present
learned
are
such
zealous
asserters
.
He
said
,
"
that
new
systems
of
nature
were
but
new
fashions
,
which
would
vary
in
every
age
;
and
even
those
,
who
pretend
to
demonstrate
them
from
mathematical
principles
,
would
flourish
but
a
short
period
of
time
,
and
be
out
of
vogue
when
that
was
determined
.
"
I
spent
five
days
in
conversing
with
many
others
of
the
ancient
learned
.
I
saw
most
of
the
first
Roman
emperors
.
I
prevailed
on
the
governor
to
call
up
Heliogabalus
's
cooks
to
dress
us
a
dinner
,
but
they
could
not
show
us
much
of
their
skill
,
for
want
of
materials
.
A
helot
of
Agesilaus
made
us
a
dish
of
Spartan
broth
,
but
I
was
not
able
to
get
down
a
second
spoonful
.
The
two
gentlemen
,
who
conducted
me
to
the
island
,
were
pressed
by
their
private
affairs
to
return
in
three
days
,
which
I
employed
in
seeing
some
of
the
modern
dead
,
who
had
made
the
greatest
figure
,
for
two
or
three
hundred
years
past
,
in
our
own
and
other
countries
of
Europe
;
and
having
been
always
a
great
admirer
of
old
illustrious
families
,
I
desired
the
governor
would
call
up
a
dozen
or
two
of
kings
,
with
their
ancestors
in
order
for
eight
or
nine
generations
.
But
my
disappointment
was
grievous
and
unexpected
.
For
,
instead
of
a
long
train
with
royal
diadems
,
I
saw
in
one
family
two
fiddlers
,
three
spruce
courtiers
,
and
an
Italian
prelate
.
In
another
,
a
barber
,
an
abbot
,
and
two
cardinals
.
I
have
too
great
a
veneration
for
crowned
heads
,
to
dwell
any
longer
on
so
nice
a
subject
.
But
as
to
counts
,
marquises
,
dukes
,
earls
,
and
the
like
,
I
was
not
so
scrupulous
.
And
I
confess
,
it
was
not
without
some
pleasure
,
that
I
found
myself
able
to
trace
the
particular
features
,
by
which
certain
families
are
distinguished
,
up
to
their
originals
.
I
could
plainly
discover
whence
one
family
derives
a
long
chin
;
why
a
second
has
abounded
with
knaves
for
two
generations
,
and
fools
for
two
more
;
why
a
third
happened
to
be
crack-brained
,
and
a
fourth
to
be
sharpers
;
whence
it
came
,
what
Polydore
Virgil
says
of
a
certain
great
house
,
Nec
vir
fortis
,
nec
foemina
casta
;
how
cruelty
,
falsehood
,
and
cowardice
,
grew
to
be
characteristics
by
which
certain
families
are
distinguished
as
much
as
by
their
coats
of
arms
;
who
first
brought
the
pox
into
a
noble
house
,
which
has
lineally
descended
scrofulous
tumours
to
their
posterity
.
Neither
could
I
wonder
at
all
this
,
when
I
saw
such
an
interruption
of
lineages
,
by
pages
,
lackeys
,
valets
,
coachmen
,
gamesters
,
fiddlers
,
players
,
captains
,
and
pickpockets
.
I
was
chiefly
disgusted
with
modern
history
.
For
having
strictly
examined
all
the
persons
of
greatest
name
in
the
courts
of
princes
,
for
a
hundred
years
past
,
I
found
how
the
world
had
been
misled
by
prostitute
writers
,
to
ascribe
the
greatest
exploits
in
war
,
to
cowards
;
the
wisest
counsel
,
to
fools
;
sincerity
,
to
flatterers
;
Roman
virtue
,
to
betrayers
of
their
country
;
piety
,
to
atheists
;
chastity
,
to
sodomites
;
truth
,
to
informers
:
how
many
innocent
and
excellent
persons
had
been
condemned
to
death
or
banishment
by
the
practising
of
great
ministers
upon
the
corruption
of
judges
,
and
the
malice
of
factions
:
how
many
villains
had
been
exalted
to
the
highest
places
of
trust
,
power
,
dignity
,
and
profit
:
how
great
a
share
in
the
motions
and
events
of
courts
,
councils
,
and
senates
might
be
challenged
by
bawds
,
whores
,
pimps
,
parasites
,
and
buffoons
.
How
low
an
opinion
I
had
of
human
wisdom
and
integrity
,
when
I
was
truly
informed
of
the
springs
and
motives
of
great
enterprises
and
revolutions
in
the
world
,
and
of
the
contemptible
accidents
to
which
they
owed
their
success
.
Here
I
discovered
the
roguery
and
ignorance
of
those
who
pretend
to
write
anecdotes
,
or
secret
history
;
who
send
so
many
kings
to
their
graves
with
a
cup
of
poison
;
will
repeat
the
discourse
between
a
prince
and
chief
minister
,
where
no
witness
was
by
;
unlock
the
thoughts
and
cabinets
of
ambassadors
and
secretaries
of
state
;
and
have
the
perpetual
misfortune
to
be
mistaken
.
Here
I
discovered
the
true
causes
of
many
great
events
that
have
surprised
the
world
;
how
a
whore
can
govern
the
back-stairs
,
the
back-stairs
a
council
,
and
the
council
a
senate
.
