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The
existence
of
Slavery
in
its
most
cruel
form
among
them
,
has
a
tendency
to
brutalize
the
humane
and
finer
feelings
of
their
nature
.
Daily
witnesses
of
human
suffering
--
listening
to
the
agonizing
screeches
of
the
slave
--
beholding
him
writhing
beneath
the
merciless
lash
--
bitten
and
torn
by
dogs
--
dying
without
attention
,
and
buried
without
shroud
or
coffin
--
it
can
not
otherwise
be
expected
,
than
that
they
should
become
brutified
and
reckless
of
human
life
.
It
is
true
there
are
many
kind-hearted
and
good
men
in
the
parish
of
Avoyelles
--
such
men
as
William
Ford
--
who
can
look
with
pity
upon
the
sufferings
of
a
slave
,
just
as
there
are
,
over
all
the
world
,
sensitive
and
sympathetic
spirits
,
who
can
not
look
with
indifference
upon
the
sufferings
of
any
creature
which
the
Almighty
has
endowed
with
life
.
It
is
not
the
fault
of
the
slaveholder
that
he
is
cruel
,
so
much
as
it
is
the
fault
of
the
system
under
which
he
lives
.
He
can
not
withstand
the
influence
of
habit
and
associations
that
surround
him
.
Taught
from
earliest
childhood
,
by
all
that
he
sees
and
hears
,
that
the
rod
is
for
the
slave
's
back
,
he
will
not
be
apt
to
change
his
opinions
in
maturer
years
.
There
may
be
humane
masters
,
as
there
certainly
are
inhuman
ones
--
there
may
be
slaves
well-clothed
,
well-fed
,
and
happy
,
as
there
surely
are
those
half-clad
,
half-starved
and
miserable
;
nevertheless
,
the
institution
that
tolerates
such
wrong
and
inhumanity
as
I
have
witnessed
,
is
a
cruel
,
unjust
,
and
barbarous
one
.
Men
may
write
fictions
portraying
lowly
life
as
it
is
,
or
as
it
is
not
--
may
expatiate
with
owlish
gravity
upon
the
bliss
of
ignorance
--
discourse
flippantly
from
arm
chairs
of
the
pleasures
of
slave
life
;
but
let
them
toil
with
him
in
the
field
--
sleep
with
him
in
the
cabin
--
feed
with
him
on
husks
;
let
them
behold
him
scourged
,
hunted
,
trampled
on
,
and
they
will
come
back
with
another
story
in
their
mouths
.
Let
them
know
the
heart
of
the
poor
slave
--
learn
his
secret
thoughts
--
thoughts
he
dare
not
utter
in
the
hearing
of
the
white
man
;
let
them
sit
by
him
in
the
silent
watches
of
the
night
--
converse
with
him
in
trustful
confidence
,
of
"
life
,
liberty
,
and
the
pursuit
of
happiness
,
"
and
they
will
find
that
ninety-nine
out
of
every
hundred
are
intelligent
enough
to
understand
their
situation
,
and
to
cherish
in
their
bosoms
the
love
of
freedom
,
as
passionately
as
themselves
.
In
consequence
of
my
inability
in
cotton-picking
,
Epps
was
in
the
habit
of
hiring
me
out
on
sugar
plantations
during
the
season
of
cane-cutting
and
sugar-making
.
He
received
for
my
services
a
dollar
a
day
,
with
the
money
supplying
my
place
on
his
cotton
plantation
.
Cutting
cane
was
an
employment
that
suited
me
,
and
for
three
successive
years
I
held
the
lead
row
at
Hawkins
'
,
leading
a
gang
of
from
fifty
to
an
hundred
hands
.
In
a
previous
chapter
the
mode
of
cultivating
cotton
is
described
.
This
may
be
the
proper
place
to
speak
of
the
manner
of
cultivating
cane
.
The
ground
is
prepared
in
beds
,
the
same
as
it
is
prepared
for
the
reception
of
the
cotton
seed
,
except
it
is
ploughed
deeper
.
Drills
are
made
in
the
same
manner
.
Planting
commences
in
January
,
and
continues
until
April
.
It
is
necessary
to
plant
a
sugar
field
only
once
in
three
years
.
Three
crops
are
taken
before
the
seed
or
plant
is
exhausted
.
Three
gangs
are
employed
in
the
operation
.
One
draws
the
cane
from
the
rick
,
or
stack
,
cutting
the
top
and
flags
from
the
stalk
,
leaving
only
that
part
which
is
sound
and
healthy
.
Each
joint
of
the
cane
has
an
eye
,
like
the
eye
of
a
potato
,
which
sends
forth
a
sprout
when
buried
in
the
soil
.
Another
gang
lays
the
cane
in
the
drill
,
placing
two
stalks
side
by
side
in
such
manner
that
joints
will
occur
once
in
four
or
six
inches
.
The
third
gang
follows
with
hoes
,
drawing
earth
upon
the
stalks
,
and
covering
them
to
the
depth
,
of
three
inches
.
In
four
weeks
,
at
the
farthest
,
the
sprouts
appear
above
the
ground
,
and
from
this
time
forward
grow
with
great
rapidity
.
A
sugar
field
is
hoed
three
times
,
the
same
as
cotton
,
save
that
a
greater
quantity
of
earth
is
drawn
to
the
roots
.
By
the
first
of
August
hoeing
is
usually
over
.
About
the
middle
of
September
,
whatever
is
required
for
seed
is
cut
and
stacked
in
ricks
,
as
they
are
termed
.
In
October
it
is
ready
for
the
mill
or
sugar-house
,
and
then
the
general
cutting
begins
.
The
blade
of
a
cane-knife
is
fifteen
inches
long
,
three
inches
wide
in
the
middle
,
and
tapering
towards
the
point
and
handle
.
The
blade
is
thin
,
and
in
order
to
be
at
all
serviceable
must
be
kept
very
sharp
.
Every
third
hand
takes
the
lead
of
two
others
,
one
of
whom
is
on
each
side
of
him
.
The
lead
hand
,
in
the
first
place
,
with
a
blow
of
his
knife
shears
the
flags
from
the
stalk
.
He
next
cuts
off
the
top
down
as
far
as
it
is
green
.
He
must
be
careful
to
sever
all
the
green
from
the
ripe
part
,
inasmuch
as
the
juice
of
the
former
sours
the
molasses
,
and
renders
it
unsalable
.
Then
he
severs
the
stalk
at
the
root
,
and
lays
it
directly
behind
him
.
His
right
and
left
hand
companions
lay
their
stalks
,
when
cut
in
the
same
manner
,
upon
his
.
To
every
three
hands
there
is
a
cart
,
which
follows
,
and
the
stalks
are
thrown
into
it
by
the
younger
slaves
,
when
it
is
drawn
to
the
sugar-house
and
ground
.
