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- Николай Гоголь
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Of
the
trifle
which
his
father
had
given
him
on
parting
he
spent
not
a
kopeck
,
but
,
the
same
year
,
actually
added
to
his
little
store
by
fashioning
a
bullfinch
of
wax
,
painting
it
,
and
selling
the
same
at
a
handsome
profit
.
Next
,
as
time
went
on
,
he
engaged
in
other
speculations
--
in
particular
,
in
the
scheme
of
buying
up
eatables
,
taking
his
seat
in
class
beside
boys
who
had
plenty
of
pocket-money
,
and
,
as
soon
as
such
opulent
individuals
showed
signs
of
failing
attention
(
and
,
therefore
,
of
growing
appetite
)
,
tendering
them
,
from
beneath
the
desk
,
a
roll
of
pudding
or
a
piece
of
gingerbread
,
and
charging
according
to
degree
of
appetite
and
size
of
portion
.
He
also
spent
a
couple
of
months
in
training
a
mouse
,
which
he
kept
confined
in
a
little
wooden
cage
in
his
bedroom
.
At
length
,
when
the
training
had
reached
the
point
that
,
at
the
several
words
of
command
,
the
mouse
would
stand
upon
its
hind
legs
,
lie
down
,
and
get
up
again
,
he
sold
the
creature
for
a
respectable
sum
.
Thus
,
in
time
,
his
gains
attained
the
amount
of
five
roubles
;
whereupon
he
made
himself
a
purse
and
then
started
to
fill
a
second
receptacle
of
the
kind
.
Still
more
studied
was
his
attitude
towards
the
authorities
.
No
one
could
sit
more
quietly
in
his
place
on
the
bench
than
he
.
In
the
same
connection
it
may
be
remarked
that
his
teacher
was
a
man
who
,
above
all
things
,
loved
peace
and
good
behaviour
,
and
simply
could
not
abide
clever
,
witty
boys
,
since
he
suspected
them
of
laughing
at
him
.
Consequently
any
lad
who
had
once
attracted
the
master
's
attention
with
a
manifestation
of
intelligence
needed
but
to
shuffle
in
his
place
,
or
unintentionally
to
twitch
an
eyebrow
,
for
the
said
master
at
once
to
burst
into
a
rage
,
to
turn
the
supposed
offender
out
of
the
room
,
and
to
visit
him
with
unmerciful
punishment
.
"
Ah
,
my
fine
fellow
,
"
he
would
say
,
"
I
'LL
cure
you
of
your
impudence
and
want
of
respect
!
I
know
you
through
and
through
far
better
than
you
know
yourself
,
and
will
take
good
care
that
you
have
to
go
down
upon
your
knees
and
curb
your
appetite
.
"
Whereupon
the
wretched
lad
would
,
for
no
cause
of
which
he
was
aware
,
be
forced
to
wear
out
his
breeches
on
the
floor
and
go
hungry
for
days
.
"
Talents
and
gifts
,
"
the
schoolmaster
would
declare
,
"
are
so
much
rubbish
.
I
respect
only
good
behaviour
,
and
shall
award
full
marks
to
those
who
conduct
themselves
properly
,
even
if
they
fail
to
learn
a
single
letter
of
their
alphabet
:
whereas
to
those
in
whom
I
may
perceive
a
tendency
to
jocularity
I
shall
award
nothing
,
even
though
they
should
outdo
Solon
himself
.
"
For
the
same
reason
he
had
no
great
love
of
the
author
Krylov
,
in
that
the
latter
says
in
one
of
his
Fables
:
"
In
my
opinion
,
the
more
one
sings
,
the
better
one
works
;
"
and
often
the
pedagogue
would
relate
how
,
in
a
former
school
of
his
,
the
silence
had
been
such
that
a
fly
could
be
heard
buzzing
on
the
wing
,
and
for
the
space
of
a
whole
year
not
a
single
pupil
sneezed
or
coughed
in
class
,
and
so
complete
was
the
absence
of
all
sound
that
no
one
could
have
told
that
there
was
a
soul
in
the
place
.
Of
this
mentor
young
Chichikov
speedily
appraised
the
mentality
;
wherefore
he
fashioned
his
behaviour
to
correspond
with
it
.
Not
an
eyelid
,
not
an
eyebrow
,
would
he
stir
during
school
hours
,
howsoever
many
pinches
he
might
receive
from
behind
;
and
only
when
the
bell
rang
would
he
run
to
anticipate
his
fellows
in
handing
the
master
the
three-cornered
cap
which
that
dignitary
customarily
sported
,
and
then
to
be
the
first
to
leave
the
class-room
,
and
contrive
to
meet
the
master
not
less
than
two
or
three
times
as
the
latter
walked
homeward
,
in
order
that
,
on
each
occasion
,
he
might
doff
his
cap
.
And
the
scheme
proved
entirely
successful
.
Throughout
the
period
of
his
attendance
at
school
he
was
held
in
high
favour
,
and
,
on
leaving
the
establishment
,
received
full
marks
for
every
subject
,
as
well
as
a
diploma
and
a
book
inscribed
(
in
gilt
letters
)
"
For
Exemplary
Diligence
and
the
Perfection
of
Good
Conduct
.
"
By
this
time
he
had
grown
into
a
fairly
good-looking
youth
of
the
age
when
the
chin
first
calls
for
a
razor
;
and
at
about
the
same
period
his
father
died
,
leaving
behind
him
,
as
his
estate
,
four
waistcoats
completely
worn
out
,
two
ancient
frockcoats
,
and
a
small
sum
of
money
.
Apparently
he
had
been
skilled
only
in
RECOMMENDING
the
saving
of
kopecks
--
not
in
ACTUALLY
PRACTISING
the
art
.
Upon
that
Chichikov
sold
the
old
house
and
its
little
parcel
of
land
for
a
thousand
roubles
,
and
removed
,
with
his
one
serf
and
the
serf
's
family
,
to
the
capital
,
where
he
set
about
organising
a
new
establishment
and
entering
the
Civil
Service
.
Simultaneously
with
his
doing
so
,
his
old
schoolmaster
lost
(
through
stupidity
or
otherwise
)
the
establishment
over
which
he
had
hitherto
presided
,
and
in
which
he
had
set
so
much
store
by
silence
and
good
behaviour
.
Grief
drove
him
to
drink
,
and
when
nothing
was
left
,
even
for
that
purpose
,
he
retired
--
ill
,
helpless
,
and
starving
--
into
a
broken-down
,
cheerless
hovel
.
But
certain
of
his
former
pupils
--
the
same
clever
,
witty
lads
whom
he
had
once
been
wont
to
accuse
of
impertinence
and
evil
conduct
generally
--
heard
of
his
pitiable
plight
,
and
collected
for
him
what
money
they
could
,
even
to
the
point
of
selling
their
own
necessaries
.
Only
Chichikov
,
when
appealed
to
,
pleaded
inability
,
and
compromised
with
a
contribution
of
a
single
piatak
38
:
which
his
old
schoolfellows
straightway
returned
him
--
full
in
the
face
,
and
accompanied
with
a
shout
of
"
Oh
,
you
skinflint
!
"
As
for
the
poor
schoolmaster
,
when
he
heard
what
his
former
pupils
had
done
,
he
buried
his
face
in
his
hands
,
and
the
tears
gushed
from
his
failing
eyes
as
from
those
of
a
helpless
infant
.
"
God
has
brought
you
but
to
weep
over
my
death-bed
,
"
he
murmured
feebly
;
and
added
with
a
profound
sigh
,
on
hearing
of
Chichikov
's
conduct
:
"
Ah
,
Pavlushka
,
how
a
human
being
may
become
changed
!
Once
you
were
a
good
lad
,
and
gave
me
no
trouble
;
but
now
you
are
become
proud
indeed
!
"
Yet
let
it
not
be
inferred
from
this
that
our
hero
's
character
had
grown
so
blase
and
hard
,
or
his
conscience
so
blunted
,
as
to
preclude
his
experiencing
a
particle
of
sympathy
or
compassion
.
As
a
matter
of
fact
,
he
was
capable
both
of
the
one
and
the
other
,
and
would
have
been
glad
to
assist
his
old
teacher
had
no
great
sum
been
required
,
or
had
he
not
been
called
upon
to
touch
the
fund
which
he
had
decided
should
remain
intact
.
In
other
words
,
the
father
's
injunction
,
"
Guard
and
save
every
kopeck
,
"
had
become
a
hard
and
fast
rule
of
the
son
's
.
Yet
the
youth
had
no
particular
attachment
to
money
for
money
's
sake
;
he
was
not
possessed
with
the
true
instinct
for
hoarding
and
niggardliness
.
Rather
,
before
his
eyes
there
floated
ever
a
vision
of
life
and
its
amenities
and
advantages
--
a
vision
of
carriages
and
an
elegantly
furnished
house
and
recherche
dinners
;
and
it
was
in
the
hope
that
some
day
he
might
attain
these
things
that
he
saved
every
kopeck
and
,
meanwhile
,
stinted
both
himself
and
others
.
Whenever
a
rich
man
passed
him
by
in
a
splendid
drozhki
drawn
by
swift
and
handsomely-caparisoned
horses
,
he
would
halt
as
though
deep
in
thought
,
and
say
to
himself
,
like
a
man
awakening
from
a
long
sleep
:
"
That
gentleman
must
have
been
a
financier
,
he
has
so
little
hair
on
his
brow
.
"
In
short
,
everything
connected
with
wealth
and
plenty
produced
upon
him
an
ineffaceable
impression
.
Even
when
he
left
school
he
took
no
holiday
,
so
strong
in
him
was
the
desire
to
get
to
work
and
enter
the
Civil
Service
.
Yet
,
for
all
the
encomiums
contained
in
his
diploma
,
he
had
much
ado
to
procure
a
nomination
to
a
Government
Department
;
and
only
after
a
long
time
was
a
minor
post
found
for
him
,
at
a
salary
of
thirty
or
forty
roubles
a
year
.
Nevertheless
,
wretched
though
this
appointment
was
,
he
determined
,
by
strict
attention
to
business
,
to
overcome
all
obstacles
,
and
to
win
success
.
And
,
indeed
,
the
self-denial
,
the
patience
,
and
the
economy
which
he
displayed
were
remarkable
.
From
early
morn
until
late
at
night
he
would
,
with
indefatigable
zeal
of
body
and
mind
,
remain
immersed
in
his
sordid
task
of
copying
official
documents
--
never
going
home
,
snatching
what
sleep
he
could
on
tables
in
the
building
,
and
dining
with
the
watchman
on
duty
.
Yet
all
the
while
he
contrived
to
remain
clean
and
neat
,
to
preserve
a
cheerful
expression
of
countenance
,
and
even
to
cultivate
a
certain
elegance
of
movement
.
In
passing
,
it
may
be
remarked
that
his
fellow
tchinovniks
were
a
peculiarly
plain
,
unsightly
lot
,
some
of
them
having
faces
like
badly
baked
bread
,
swollen
cheeks
,
receding
chins
,
and
cracked
and
blistered
upper
lips
.
Indeed
,
not
a
man
of
them
was
handsome
.
Also
,
their
tone
of
voice
always
contained
a
note
of
sullenness
,
as
though
they
had
a
mind
to
knock
some
one
on
the
head
;
and
by
their
frequent
sacrifices
to
Bacchus
they
showed
that
even
yet
there
remains
in
the
Slavonic
nature
a
certain
element
of
paganism
.
Nay
,
the
Director
's
room
itself
they
would
invade
while
still
licking
their
lips
,
and
since
their
breath
was
not
over-aromatic
,
the
atmosphere
of
the
room
grew
not
over-pleasant
.
Naturally
,
among
such
an
official
staff
a
man
like
Chichikov
could
not
fail
to
attract
attention
and
remark
,
since
in
everything
--
in
cheerfulness
of
demeanour
,
in
suavity
of
voice
,
and
in
complete
neglect
of
the
use
of
strong
potions
--
he
was
the
absolute
antithesis
of
his
companions
.
Yet
his
path
was
not
an
easy
one
to
tread
,
for
over
him
he
had
the
misfortune
to
have
placed
in
authority
a
Chief
Clerk
who
was
a
graven
image
of
elderly
insensibility
and
inertia
.
Always
the
same
,
always
unapproachable
,
this
functionary
could
never
in
his
life
have
smiled
or
asked
civilly
after
an
acquaintance
's
health
.
Nor
had
any
one
ever
seen
him
a
whit
different
in
the
street
or
at
his
own
home
from
what
he
was
in
the
office
,
or
showing
the
least
interest
in
anything
whatever
,
or
getting
drunk
and
relapsing
into
jollity
in
his
cups
,
or
indulging
in
that
species
of
wild
gaiety
which
,
when
intoxicated
,
even
a
burglar
affects
.
No
,
not
a
particle
of
this
was
there
in
him
.
Nor
,
for
that
matter
,
was
there
in
him
a
particle
of
anything
at
all
,
whether
good
or
bad
:
which
complete
negativeness
of
character
produced
rather
a
strange
effect
.
In
the
same
way
,
his
wizened
,
marble-like
features
reminded
one
of
nothing
in
particular
,
so
primly
proportioned
were
they
.
Only
the
numerous
pockmarks
and
dimples
with
which
they
were
pitted
placed
him
among
the
number
of
those
over
whose
faces
,
to
quote
the
popular
saying
,
"
The
Devil
has
walked
by
night
to
grind
peas
.
"
In
short
,
it
would
seem
that
no
human
agency
could
have
approached
such
a
man
and
gained
his
goodwill
.
Yet
Chichikov
made
the
effort
.
As
a
first
step
,
he
took
to
consulting
the
other
's
convenience
in
all
manner
of
insignificant
trifles
--
to
cleaning
his
pens
carefully
,
and
,
when
they
had
been
prepared
exactly
to
the
Chief
Clerk
's
liking
,
laying
them
ready
at
his
elbow
;
to
dusting
and
sweeping
from
his
table
all
superfluous
sand
and
tobacco
ash
;
to
procuring
a
new
mat
for
his
inkstand
;
to
looking
for
his
hat
--
the
meanest-looking
hat
that
ever
the
world
beheld
--
and
having
it
ready
for
him
at
the
exact
moment
when
business
came
to
an
end
;
to
brushing
his
back
if
it
happened
to
become
smeared
with
whitewash
from
a
wall
.
Yet
all
this
passed
as
unnoticed
as
though
it
had
never
been
done
.
Finally
,
Chichikov
sniffed
into
his
superior
's
family
and
domestic
life
,
and
learnt
that
he
possessed
a
grown-up
daughter
on
whose
face
also
there
had
taken
place
a
nocturnal
,
diabolical
grinding
of
peas
.
HERE
was
a
quarter
whence
a
fresh
attack
might
be
delivered
!
After
ascertaining
what
church
the
daughter
attended
on
Sundays
,
our
hero
took
to
contriving
to
meet
her
in
a
neat
suit
and
a
well-starched
dickey
:
and
soon
the
scheme
began
to
work
.
The
surly
Chief
Clerk
wavered
for
a
while
;
then
ended
by
inviting
Chichikov
to
tea
.
Nor
could
any
man
in
the
office
have
told
you
how
it
came
about
that
before
long
Chichikov
had
removed
to
the
Chief
Clerk
's
house
,
and
become
a
person
necessary
--
indeed
indispensable
--
to
the
household
,
seeing
that
he
bought
the
flour
and
the
sugar
,
treated
the
daughter
as
his
betrothed
,
called
the
Chief
Clerk
"
Papenka
,
"
and
occasionally
kissed
"
Papenka
's
"
hand
.
In
fact
,
every
one
at
the
office
supposed
that
,
at
the
end
of
February
(
i.e.
before
the
beginning
of
Lent
)
there
would
take
place
a
wedding
.
Nay
,
the
surly
father
even
began
to
agitate
with
the
authorities
on
Chichikov
's
behalf
,
and
so
enabled
our
hero
,
on
a
vacancy
occurring
,
to
attain
the
stool
of
a
Chief
Clerk
.
Apparently
this
marked
the
consummation
of
Chichikov
's
relations
with
his
host
,
for
he
hastened
stealthily
to
pack
his
trunk
and
,
the
next
day
,
figured
in
a
fresh
lodging
.
Also
,
he
ceased
to
call
the
Chief
Clerk
"
Papenka
,
"
or
to
kiss
his
hand
;
and
the
matter
of
the
wedding
came
to
as
abrupt
a
termination
as
though
it
had
never
been
mooted
.
Yet
also
he
never
failed
to
press
his
late
host
's
hand
,
whenever
he
met
him
,
and
to
invite
him
to
tea
;
while
,
on
the
other
hand
,
for
all
his
immobility
and
dry
indifference
,
the
Chief
Clerk
never
failed
to
shake
his
head
with
a
muttered
,
"
Ah
,
my
fine
fellow
,
you
have
grown
too
proud
,
you
have
grown
too
proud
.
"
