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- Николай Гоголь
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- Мертвые души
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- Стр. 143/232
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At
this
moment
our
friend
Chichikov
also
was
experiencing
visions
of
a
not
wholly
prosaic
nature
.
Let
us
peep
into
his
soul
and
share
them
.
At
first
he
remained
unconscious
of
anything
whatsoever
,
for
he
was
too
much
engaged
in
making
sure
that
he
was
really
clear
of
the
town
;
but
as
soon
as
he
saw
that
it
had
completely
disappeared
,
with
its
mills
and
factories
and
other
urban
appurtenances
,
and
that
even
the
steeples
of
the
white
stone
churches
had
sunk
below
the
horizon
,
he
turned
his
attention
to
the
road
,
and
the
town
of
N.
vanished
from
his
thoughts
as
completely
as
though
he
had
not
seen
it
since
childhood
.
Again
,
in
its
turn
,
the
road
ceased
to
interest
him
,
and
he
began
to
close
his
eyes
and
to
loll
his
head
against
the
cushions
.
Of
this
let
the
author
take
advantage
,
in
order
to
speak
at
length
concerning
his
hero
;
since
hitherto
he
(
the
author
)
has
been
prevented
from
so
doing
by
Nozdrev
and
balls
and
ladies
and
local
intrigues
--
by
those
thousand
trifles
which
seem
trifles
only
when
they
are
introduced
into
a
book
,
but
which
,
in
life
,
figure
as
affairs
of
importance
.
Let
us
lay
them
aside
,
and
betake
ourselves
to
business
.
Whether
the
character
whom
I
have
selected
for
my
hero
has
pleased
my
readers
is
,
of
course
,
exceedingly
doubtful
.
At
all
events
the
ladies
will
have
failed
to
approve
him
for
the
fair
sex
demands
in
a
hero
perfection
,
and
,
should
there
be
the
least
mental
or
physical
stain
on
him
--
well
,
woe
betide
!
Yes
,
no
matter
how
profoundly
the
author
may
probe
that
hero
's
soul
,
no
matter
how
clearly
he
may
portray
his
figure
as
in
a
mirror
,
he
will
be
given
no
credit
for
the
achievement
.
Indeed
,
Chichikov
's
very
stoutness
and
plenitude
of
years
may
have
militated
against
him
,
for
never
is
a
hero
pardoned
for
the
former
,
and
the
majority
of
ladies
will
,
in
such
case
,
turn
away
,
and
mutter
to
themselves
:
"
Phew
!
What
a
beast
!
"
Yes
,
the
author
is
well
aware
of
this
.
Yet
,
though
he
could
not
,
to
save
his
life
,
take
a
person
of
virtue
for
his
principal
character
,
it
may
be
that
this
story
contains
themes
never
before
selected
,
and
that
in
it
there
projects
the
whole
boundless
wealth
of
Russian
psychology
;
that
it
portrays
,
as
well
as
Chichikov
,
the
peasant
who
is
gifted
with
the
virtues
which
God
has
sent
him
,
and
the
marvellous
maiden
of
Russia
who
has
not
her
like
in
all
the
world
for
her
beautiful
feminine
spirituality
,
the
roots
of
which
lie
buried
in
noble
aspirations
and
boundless
self-denial
.
In
fact
,
compared
with
these
types
,
the
virtuous
of
other
races
seem
lifeless
,
as
does
an
inanimate
volume
when
compared
with
the
living
word
.
Yes
,
each
time
that
there
arises
in
Russia
a
movement
of
thought
,
it
becomes
clear
that
the
movement
sinks
deep
into
the
Slavonic
nature
where
it
would
but
have
skimmed
the
surface
of
other
nations
.
--
But
why
am
I
talking
like
this
?
Whither
am
I
tending
?
It
is
indeed
shameful
that
an
author
who
long
ago
reached
man
's
estate
,
and
was
brought
up
to
a
course
of
severe
introspection
and
sober
,
solitary
self-enlightenment
,
should
give
way
to
such
jejune
wandering
from
the
point
.
To
everything
its
proper
time
and
place
and
turn
.
As
I
was
saying
,
it
does
not
lie
in
me
to
take
a
virtuous
character
for
my
hero
:
and
I
will
tell
you
why
.
It
is
because
it
is
high
time
that
a
rest
were
given
to
the
"
poor
,
but
virtuous
"
individual
;
it
is
because
the
phrase
"
a
man
of
worth
"
has
grown
into
a
by-word
;
it
is
because
the
"
man
of
worth
"
has
become
converted
into
a
horse
,
and
there
is
not
a
writer
but
rides
him
and
flogs
him
,
in
and
out
of
season
;
it
is
because
the
"
man
of
worth
"
has
been
starved
until
he
has
not
a
shred
of
his
virtue
left
,
and
all
that
remains
of
his
body
is
but
the
ribs
and
the
hide
;
it
is
because
the
"
man
of
worth
"
is
for
ever
being
smuggled
upon
the
scene
;
it
is
because
the
"
man
of
worth
"
has
at
length
forfeited
every
one
's
respect
.
For
these
reasons
do
I
reaffirm
that
it
is
high
time
to
yoke
a
rascal
to
the
shafts
.
Let
us
yoke
that
rascal
.
Our
hero
's
beginnings
were
both
modest
and
obscure
.
True
,
his
parents
were
dvoriane
,
but
he
in
no
way
resembled
them
.
At
all
events
,
a
short
,
squab
female
relative
who
was
present
at
his
birth
exclaimed
as
she
lifted
up
the
baby
:
"
He
is
altogether
different
from
what
I
had
expected
him
to
be
.
He
ought
to
have
taken
after
his
maternal
grandmother
,
whereas
he
has
been
born
,
as
the
proverb
has
it
,
'
like
not
father
nor
mother
,
but
like
a
chance
passer-by
.
"'
Thus
from
the
first
life
regarded
the
little
Chichikov
with
sour
distaste
,
and
as
through
a
dim
,
frost-encrusted
window
.
A
tiny
room
with
diminutive
casements
which
were
never
opened
,
summer
or
winter
;
an
invalid
father
in
a
dressing-gown
lined
with
lambskin
,
and
with
an
ailing
foot
swathed
in
bandages
--
a
man
who
was
continually
drawing
deep
breaths
,
and
walking
up
and
down
the
room
,
and
spitting
into
a
sandbox
;
a
period
of
perpetually
sitting
on
a
bench
with
pen
in
hand
and
ink
on
lips
and
fingers
;
a
period
of
being
eternally
confronted
with
the
copy-book
maxim
,
"
Never
tell
a
lie
,
but
obey
your
superiors
,
and
cherish
virtue
in
your
heart
;
"
an
everlasting
scraping
and
shuffling
of
slippers
up
and
down
the
room
;
a
period
of
continually
hearing
a
well-known
,
strident
voice
exclaim
:
"
So
you
have
been
playing
the
fool
again
!
"
at
times
when
the
child
,
weary
of
the
mortal
monotony
of
his
task
,
had
added
a
superfluous
embellishment
to
his
copy
;
a
period
of
experiencing
the
ever-familiar
,
but
ever-unpleasant
,
sensation
which
ensued
upon
those
words
as
the
boy
's
ear
was
painfully
twisted
between
two
long
fingers
bent
backwards
at
the
tips
--
such
is
the
miserable
picture
of
that
youth
of
which
,
in
later
life
,
Chichikov
preserved
but
the
faintest
of
memories
!
But
in
this
world
everything
is
liable
to
swift
and
sudden
change
;
and
,
one
day
in
early
spring
,
when
the
rivers
had
melted
,
the
father
set
forth
with
his
little
son
in
a
teliezshka
37
drawn
by
a
sorrel
steed
of
the
kind
known
to
horsy
folk
as
a
soroka
,
and
having
as
coachman
the
diminutive
hunchback
who
,
father
of
the
only
serf
family
belonging
to
the
elder
Chichikov
,
served
as
general
factotum
in
the
Chichikov
establishment
.
For
a
day
and
a
half
the
soroka
conveyed
them
on
their
way
;
during
which
time
they
spent
the
night
at
a
roadside
inn
,
crossed
a
river
,
dined
off
cold
pie
and
roast
mutton
,
and
eventually
arrived
at
the
county
town
.
To
the
lad
the
streets
presented
a
spectacle
of
unwonted
brilliancy
,
and
he
gaped
with
amazement
.
Turning
into
a
side
alley
wherein
the
mire
necessitated
both
the
most
strenuous
exertions
on
the
soroka
's
part
and
the
most
vigorous
castigation
on
the
part
of
the
driver
and
the
barin
,
the
conveyance
eventually
reached
the
gates
of
a
courtyard
which
,
combined
with
a
small
fruit
garden
containing
various
bushes
,
a
couple
of
apple-trees
in
blossom
,
and
a
mean
,
dirty
little
shed
,
constituted
the
premises
attached
to
an
antiquated-looking
villa
.
Here
there
lived
a
relative
of
the
Chichikovs
,
a
wizened
old
lady
who
went
to
market
in
person
and
dried
her
stockings
at
the
samovar
.
On
seeing
the
boy
,
she
patted
his
cheek
and
expressed
satisfaction
at
his
physique
;
whereupon
the
fact
became
disclosed
that
here
he
was
to
abide
for
a
while
,
for
the
purpose
of
attending
a
local
school
.
After
a
night
's
rest
his
father
prepared
to
betake
himself
homeward
again
;
but
no
tears
marked
the
parting
between
him
and
his
son
,
he
merely
gave
the
lad
a
copper
or
two
and
(
a
far
more
important
thing
)
the
following
injunctions
.
"
See
here
,
my
boy
.
Do
your
lessons
well
,
do
not
idle
or
play
the
fool
,
and
above
all
things
,
see
that
you
please
your
teachers
.
So
long
as
you
observe
these
rules
you
will
make
progress
,
and
surpass
your
fellows
,
even
if
God
shall
have
denied
you
brains
,
and
you
should
fail
in
your
studies
.
Also
,
do
not
consort
overmuch
with
your
comrades
,
for
they
will
do
you
no
good
;
but
,
should
you
do
so
,
then
make
friends
with
the
richer
of
them
,
since
one
day
they
may
be
useful
to
you
.
Also
,
never
entertain
or
treat
any
one
,
but
see
that
every
one
entertains
and
treats
YOU
.
Lastly
,
and
above
all
else
,
keep
and
save
your
every
kopeck
.
To
save
money
is
the
most
important
thing
in
life
.
Always
a
friend
or
a
comrade
may
fail
you
,
and
be
the
first
to
desert
you
in
a
time
of
adversity
;
but
never
will
a
KOPECK
fail
you
,
whatever
may
be
your
plight
.
Nothing
in
the
world
can
not
be
done
,
can
not
be
attained
,
with
the
aid
of
money
.
"
These
injunctions
given
,
the
father
embraced
his
son
,
and
set
forth
on
his
return
;
and
though
the
son
never
again
beheld
his
parent
,
the
latter
's
words
and
precepts
sank
deep
into
the
little
Chichikov
's
soul
.
The
next
day
young
Pavlushka
made
his
first
attendance
at
school
.
But
no
special
aptitude
in
any
branch
of
learning
did
he
display
.
Rather
,
his
distinguishing
characteristics
were
diligence
and
neatness
.
On
the
other
hand
,
he
developed
great
intelligence
as
regards
the
PRACTICAL
aspect
of
life
.
In
a
trice
he
divined
and
comprehended
how
things
ought
to
be
worked
,
and
,
from
that
time
forth
,
bore
himself
towards
his
school-fellows
in
such
a
way
that
,
though
they
frequently
gave
him
presents
,
he
not
only
never
returned
the
compliment
,
but
even
on
occasions
pocketed
the
gifts
for
the
mere
purpose
of
selling
them
again
.
Also
,
boy
though
he
was
,
he
acquired
the
art
of
self-denial
.
