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Copper
was
absolutely
wanting
to
the
engineer
,
who
,
notwithstanding
all
his
researches
,
had
never
been
able
to
find
any
trace
of
it
in
Lincoln
Island
,
and
was
therefore
obliged
to
do
without
it
.
Retort
coal
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
hard
graphite
which
is
found
in
the
retorts
of
gas
manufactories
,
after
the
coal
has
been
dehydrogenized
,
could
have
been
obtained
,
but
it
would
have
been
necessary
to
establish
a
special
apparatus
,
involving
great
labor
.
As
to
zinc
,
it
may
be
remembered
that
the
case
found
at
Flotsam
Point
was
lined
with
this
metal
,
which
could
not
be
better
utilized
than
for
this
purpose
.
Cyrus
Harding
,
after
mature
consideration
,
decided
to
manufacture
a
very
simple
battery
,
resembling
as
nearly
as
possible
that
invented
by
Becquerel
in
1820
,
and
in
which
zinc
only
is
employed
.
The
other
substances
,
azotic
acid
and
potash
,
were
all
at
his
disposal
.
The
way
in
which
the
battery
was
composed
was
as
follows
,
and
the
results
were
to
be
attained
by
the
reaction
of
acid
and
potash
on
each
other
.
A
number
of
glass
bottles
were
made
and
filled
with
azotic
acid
.
The
engineer
corked
them
by
means
of
a
stopper
through
which
passed
a
glass
tube
,
bored
at
its
lower
extremity
,
and
intended
to
be
plunged
into
the
acid
by
means
of
a
clay
stopper
secured
by
a
rag
.
Into
this
tube
,
through
its
upper
extremity
,
he
poured
a
solution
of
potash
,
previously
obtained
by
burning
and
reducing
to
ashes
various
plants
,
and
in
this
way
the
acid
and
potash
could
act
on
each
other
through
the
clay
.
Cyrus
Harding
then
took
two
slips
of
zinc
,
one
of
which
was
plunged
into
azotic
acid
,
the
other
into
a
solution
of
potash
.
A
current
was
immediately
produced
,
which
was
transmitted
from
the
slip
of
zinc
in
the
bottle
to
that
in
the
tube
,
and
the
two
slips
having
been
connected
by
a
metallic
wire
the
slip
in
the
tube
became
the
positive
pole
,
and
that
in
the
bottle
the
negative
pole
of
the
apparatus
.
Each
bottle
,
therefore
,
produced
as
many
currents
as
united
would
be
sufficient
to
produce
all
the
phenomena
of
the
electric
telegraph
.
Such
was
the
ingenious
and
very
simple
apparatus
constructed
by
Cyrus
Harding
,
an
apparatus
which
would
allow
them
to
establish
a
telegraphic
communication
between
Granite
House
and
the
corral
.
On
the
6th
of
February
was
commenced
the
planting
along
the
road
to
the
corral
,
of
posts
furnished
with
glass
insulators
,
and
intended
to
support
the
wire
.
A
few
days
after
,
the
wire
was
extended
,
ready
to
produce
the
electric
current
at
a
rate
of
twenty
thousand
miles
a
second
.
Two
batteries
had
been
manufactured
,
one
for
Granite
House
,
the
other
for
the
corral
;
for
if
it
was
necessary
the
corral
should
be
able
to
communicate
with
Granite
House
it
might
also
be
useful
that
Granite
House
should
be
able
to
communicate
with
the
corral
.
As
to
the
receiver
and
manipulator
,
they
were
very
simple
.
At
the
two
stations
the
wire
was
wound
round
a
magnet
,
that
is
to
say
,
round
a
piece
of
soft
iron
surrounded
with
a
wire
.
The
communication
was
thus
established
between
the
two
poles
;
the
current
,
starting
from
the
positive
pole
,
traversed
the
wire
,
passed
through
the
magnet
which
was
temporarily
magnetized
,
and
returned
through
the
earth
to
the
negative
pole
.
If
the
current
was
interrupted
,
the
magnet
immediately
became
unmagnetized
.
It
was
sufficient
to
place
a
plate
of
soft
iron
before
the
magnet
,
which
,
attracted
during
the
passage
of
the
current
,
would
fall
back
when
the
current
was
interrupted
.
This
movement
of
the
plate
thus
obtained
,
Harding
could
easily
fasten
to
it
a
needle
arranged
on
a
dial
,
bearing
the
letters
of
the
alphabet
,
and
in
this
way
communicate
from
one
station
to
the
other
.
All
was
completely
arranged
by
the
12th
of
February
.
On
this
day
,
Harding
,
having
sent
the
current
through
the
wire
,
asked
if
all
was
going
on
well
at
the
corral
,
and
received
in
a
few
moments
a
satisfactory
reply
from
Ayrton
.
Pencroft
was
wild
with
joy
,
and
every
morning
and
evening
he
sent
a
telegram
to
the
corral
,
which
always
received
an
answer
.
This
mode
of
communication
presented
two
very
real
advantages
:
firstly
,
because
it
enabled
them
to
ascertain
that
Ayrton
was
at
the
corral
;
and
secondly
,
that
he
was
thus
not
left
completely
isolated
.
Besides
,
Cyrus
Harding
never
allowed
a
week
to
pass
without
going
to
see
him
,
and
Ayrton
came
from
time
to
time
to
Granite
House
,
where
he
always
found
a
cordial
welcome
.
