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Winter
arrived
with
the
month
of
June
,
which
is
the
December
of
the
northern
zones
,
and
the
great
business
was
the
making
of
warm
and
solid
clothing
.
The
musmons
in
the
corral
had
been
stripped
of
their
wool
,
and
this
precious
textile
material
was
now
to
be
transformed
into
stuff
.
Of
course
Cyrus
Harding
,
having
at
his
disposal
neither
carders
,
combers
,
polishers
,
stretchers
,
twisters
,
mule-jenny
,
nor
self-acting
machine
to
spin
the
wool
,
nor
loom
to
weave
it
,
was
obliged
to
proceed
in
a
simpler
way
,
so
as
to
do
without
spinning
and
weaving
.
And
indeed
he
proposed
to
make
use
of
the
property
which
the
filaments
of
wool
possess
when
subjected
to
a
powerful
pressure
of
mixing
together
,
and
of
manufacturing
by
this
simple
process
the
material
called
felt
.
This
felt
could
then
be
obtained
by
a
simple
operation
which
,
if
it
diminished
the
flexibility
of
the
stuff
,
increased
its
power
of
retaining
heat
in
proportion
.
Now
the
wool
furnished
by
the
musmons
was
composed
of
very
short
hairs
,
and
was
in
a
good
condition
to
be
felted
.
The
engineer
,
aided
by
his
companions
,
including
Pencroft
,
who
was
once
more
obliged
to
leave
his
boat
,
commenced
the
preliminary
operations
,
the
subject
of
which
was
to
rid
the
wool
of
that
fat
and
oily
substance
with
which
it
is
impregnated
,
and
which
is
called
grease
.
This
cleaning
was
done
in
vats
filled
with
water
,
which
was
maintained
at
the
temperature
of
seventy
degrees
,
and
in
which
the
wool
was
soaked
for
four-and-twenty
hours
;
it
was
then
thoroughly
washed
in
baths
of
soda
,
and
,
when
sufficiently
dried
by
pressure
,
it
was
in
a
state
to
be
compressed
,
that
is
to
say
,
to
produce
a
solid
material
,
rough
,
no
doubt
,
and
such
as
would
have
no
value
in
a
manufacturing
center
of
Europe
or
America
,
but
which
would
be
highly
esteemed
in
the
Lincoln
Island
markets
.
This
sort
of
material
must
have
been
known
from
the
most
ancient
times
,
and
,
in
fact
,
the
first
woolen
stuffs
were
manufactured
by
the
process
which
Harding
was
now
about
to
employ
.
Where
Harding
's
engineering
qualifications
now
came
into
play
was
in
the
construction
of
the
machine
for
pressing
the
wool
;
for
he
knew
how
to
turn
ingeniously
to
profit
the
mechanical
force
,
hitherto
unused
,
which
the
waterfall
on
the
beach
possessed
to
move
a
fulling-mill
.
Nothing
could
be
more
rudimentary
.
The
wool
was
placed
in
troughs
,
and
upon
it
fell
in
turns
heavy
wooden
mallets
;
such
was
the
machine
in
question
,
and
such
it
had
been
for
centuries
until
the
time
when
the
mallets
were
replaced
by
cylinders
of
compression
,
and
the
material
was
no
longer
subjected
to
beating
,
but
to
regular
rolling
.
The
operation
,
ably
directed
by
Cyrus
Harding
,
was
a
complete
success
.
The
wool
,
previously
impregnated
with
a
solution
of
soap
,
intended
on
the
one
hand
to
facilitate
the
interlacing
,
the
compression
,
and
the
softening
of
the
wool
,
and
on
the
other
to
prevent
its
diminution
by
the
beating
,
issued
from
the
mill
in
the
shape
of
thick
felt
cloth
.
The
roughnesses
with
which
the
staple
of
wool
is
naturally
filled
were
so
thoroughly
entangled
and
interlaced
together
that
a
material
was
formed
equally
suitable
either
for
garments
or
bedclothes
.
It
was
certainly
neither
merino
,
muslin
,
cashmere
,
rep
,
satin
,
alpaca
,
cloth
,
nor
flannel
.
It
was
"
Lincolnian
felt
,
"
and
Lincoln
Island
possessed
yet
another
manufacture
.
The
colonists
had
now
warm
garments
and
thick
bedclothes
,
and
they
could
without
fear
await
the
approach
of
the
winter
of
1866-67
.
The
severe
cold
began
to
be
felt
about
the
20th
of
June
,
and
,
to
his
great
regret
,
Pencroft
was
obliged
to
suspend
his
boat-building
,
which
he
hoped
to
finish
in
time
for
next
spring
.
