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- Жюль Верн
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- Путешествие на Луну
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- Стр. 29/99
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A
litre
of
gunpowder
weighs
about
two
pounds
;
during
combustion
it
produces
400
litres
of
gas
.
This
gas
,
on
being
liberated
and
acted
upon
by
temperature
raised
to
2,400
degrees
,
occupies
a
space
of
4,000
litres
:
consequently
the
volume
of
powder
is
to
the
volume
of
gas
produced
by
its
combustion
as
1
to
4,000
.
One
may
judge
,
therefore
,
of
the
tremendous
pressure
on
this
gas
when
compressed
within
a
space
4,000
times
too
confined
.
All
this
was
,
of
course
,
well
known
to
the
members
of
the
committee
when
they
met
on
the
following
evening
.
The
first
speaker
on
this
occasion
was
Major
Elphinstone
,
who
had
been
the
director
of
the
gunpowder
factories
during
the
war
.
"
Gentlemen
,
"
said
this
distinguished
chemist
,
"
I
begin
with
some
figures
which
will
serve
as
the
basis
of
our
calculation
.
The
old
24-pounder
shot
required
for
its
discharge
sixteen
pounds
of
powder
.
"
"
You
are
certain
of
this
amount
?
"
broke
in
Barbicane
.
"
Quite
certain
,
"
replied
the
major
.
"
The
Armstrong
cannon
employs
only
seventy-five
pounds
of
powder
for
a
projectile
of
eight
hundred
pounds
,
and
the
Rodman
Columbiad
uses
only
one
hundred
and
sixty
pounds
of
powder
to
send
its
half
ton
shot
a
distance
of
six
miles
.
These
facts
can
not
be
called
in
question
,
for
I
myself
raised
the
point
during
the
depositions
taken
before
the
committee
of
artillery
.
"
"
Quite
true
,
"
said
the
general
.
"
Well
,
"
replied
the
major
,
"
these
figures
go
to
prove
that
the
quantity
of
powder
is
not
increased
with
the
weight
of
the
shot
;
that
is
to
say
,
if
a
24-pounder
shot
requires
sixteen
pounds
of
powder
;
--
in
other
words
,
if
in
ordinary
guns
we
employ
a
quantity
of
powder
equal
to
two-thirds
of
the
weight
of
the
projectile
,
this
proportion
is
not
constant
.
Calculate
,
and
you
will
see
that
in
place
of
three
hundred
and
thirty-three
pounds
of
powder
,
the
quantity
is
reduced
to
no
more
than
one
hundred
and
sixty
pounds
.
"
"
What
are
you
aiming
at
?
"
asked
the
president
.
"
If
you
push
your
theory
to
extremes
,
my
dear
major
,
"
said
J.
T.
Maston
,
"
you
will
get
to
this
,
that
as
soon
as
your
shot
becomes
sufficiently
heavy
you
will
not
require
any
powder
at
all
.
"
"
Our
friend
Maston
is
always
at
his
jokes
,
even
in
serious
matters
,
"
cried
the
major
;
"
but
let
him
make
his
mind
easy
,
I
am
going
presently
to
propose
gunpowder
enough
to
satisfy
his
artillerist
's
propensities
.
I
only
keep
to
statistical
facts
when
I
say
that
,
during
the
war
,
and
for
the
very
largest
guns
,
the
weight
of
the
powder
was
reduced
,
as
the
result
of
experience
,
to
a
tenth
part
of
the
weight
of
the
shot
.
"
