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So
,
after
Heaven
knows
what
desperate
whisperings
,
conferences
,
arguments
,
and
heartening
of
members
,
there
was
originated
a
second
measure
which
--
after
the
defeat
of
the
first
bill
,
104
to
49
--
was
introduced
,
by
way
of
a
very
complicated
path
,
through
the
judiciary
committee
.
It
was
passed
;
and
Governor
Archer
,
after
heavy
hours
of
contemplation
and
self-examination
,
signed
it
.
A
little
man
mentally
,
he
failed
to
estimate
an
aroused
popular
fury
at
its
true
import
to
him
.
At
his
elbow
was
Cowperwood
in
the
clear
light
of
day
,
snapping
his
fingers
in
the
face
of
his
enemies
,
showing
by
the
hard
,
cheerful
glint
in
his
eye
that
he
was
still
master
of
the
situation
,
giving
all
assurance
that
he
would
yet
live
to
whip
the
Chicago
papers
into
submission
.
Besides
,
in
the
event
of
the
passage
of
the
bill
,
Cowperwood
had
promised
to
make
Archer
independently
rich
--
a
cash
reward
of
five
hundred
thousand
dollars
.
Between
the
passage
on
June
5
,
1897
,
of
the
Mears
bill
--
so
christened
after
the
doughty
representative
who
had
received
a
small
fortune
for
introducing
it
--
and
its
presentation
to
the
Chicago
City
Council
in
December
of
the
same
year
,
what
broodings
,
plottings
,
politickings
,
and
editorializings
on
the
part
of
all
and
sundry
!
In
spite
of
the
intense
feeling
of
opposition
to
Cowperwood
there
was
at
the
same
time
in
local
public
life
one
stratum
of
commercial
and
phlegmatic
substance
that
could
not
view
him
in
an
altogether
unfavorable
light
.
They
were
in
business
themselves
.
His
lines
passed
their
doors
and
served
them
.
They
could
not
see
wherein
his
street-railway
service
differed
so
much
from
that
which
others
might
give
.
Here
was
the
type
of
materialist
who
in
Cowperwood
's
defiance
saw
a
justification
of
his
own
material
point
of
view
and
was
not
afraid
to
say
so
.
But
as
against
these
there
were
the
preachers
--
poor
wind-blown
sticks
of
unreason
who
saw
only
what
the
current
palaver
seemed
to
indicate
.
Again
there
were
the
anarchists
,
socialists
,
single-taxers
,
and
public-ownership
advocates
.
There
were
the
very
poor
who
saw
in
Cowperwood
's
wealth
and
in
the
fabulous
stories
of
his
New
York
home
and
of
his
art-collection
a
heartless
exploitation
of
their
needs
.
At
this
time
the
feeling
was
spreading
broadcast
in
America
that
great
political
and
economic
changes
were
at
hand
--
that
the
tyranny
of
iron
masters
at
the
top
was
to
give
way
to
a
richer
,
freer
,
happier
life
for
the
rank
and
file
.
A
national
eight-hour-day
law
was
being
advocated
,
and
the
public
ownership
of
public
franchises
.
And
here
now
was
a
great
street-railway
corporation
,
serving
a
population
of
a
million
and
a
half
,
occupying
streets
which
the
people
themselves
created
by
their
presence
,
taking
toll
from
all
these
humble
citizens
to
the
amount
of
sixteen
or
eighteen
millions
of
dollars
in
the
year
and
giving
in
return
,
so
the
papers
said
,
poor
service
,
shabby
cars
,
no
seats
at
rush-hours
,
no
universal
transfers
(
as
a
matter
of
fact
,
there
were
in
operation
three
hundred
and
sixty-two
separate
transfer
points
)
and
no
adequate
tax
on
the
immense
sums
earned
.
The
workingman
who
read
this
by
gas
or
lamp
light
in
the
kitchen
or
parlor
of
his
shabby
flat
or
cottage
,
and
who
read
also
in
other
sections
of
his
paper
of
the
free
,
reckless
,
glorious
lives
of
the
rich
,
felt
himself
to
be
defrauded
of
a
portion
of
his
rightful
inheritance
.
It
was
all
a
question
of
compelling
Frank
A.
Cowperwood
to
do
his
duty
by
Chicago
.
He
must
not
again
be
allowed
to
bribe
the
aldermen
;
he
must
not
be
allowed
to
have
a
fifty-year
franchise
,
the
privilege
of
granting
which
he
had
already
bought
from
the
state
legislature
by
the
degradation
of
honest
men
.
He
must
be
made
to
succumb
,
to
yield
to
the
forces
of
law
and
order
.
It
was
claimed
--
and
with
a
justice
of
which
those
who
made
the
charge
were
by
no
means
fully
aware
--
that
the
Mears
bill
had
been
put
through
the
house
and
senate
by
the
use
of
cold
cash
,
proffered
even
to
the
governor
himself
.
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No
legal
proof
of
this
was
obtainable
,
but
Cowperwood
was
assumed
to
be
a
briber
on
a
giant
scale
.
By
the
newspaper
cartoons
he
was
represented
as
a
pirate
commander
ordering
his
men
to
scuttle
another
vessel
--
the
ship
of
Public
Rights
.
He
was
pictured
as
a
thief
,
a
black
mask
over
his
eyes
,
and
as
a
seducer
,
throttling
Chicago
,
the
fair
maiden
,
while
he
stole
her
purse
.
The
fame
of
this
battle
was
by
now
becoming
world-wide
.
In
Montreal
,
in
Cape
Town
,
in
Buenos
Ayres
and
Melbourne
,
in
London
and
Paris
,
men
were
reading
of
this
singular
struggle
.
At
last
,
and
truly
,
he
was
a
national
and
international
figure
.
His
original
dream
,
however
,
modified
by
circumstances
,
had
literally
been
fulfilled
.
Meanwhile
be
it
admitted
that
the
local
elements
in
finance
which
had
brought
about
this
terrific
onslaught
on
Cowperwood
were
not
a
little
disturbed
as
to
the
eventual
character
of
the
child
of
their
own
creation
.
Here
at
last
was
a
public
opinion
definitely
inimical
to
Cowperwood
;
but
here
also
were
they
themselves
,
tremendous
profit-holders
,
with
a
desire
for
just
such
favors
as
Cowperwood
himself
had
exacted
,
deliberately
setting
out
to
kill
the
goose
that
could
lay
the
golden
egg
.
Men
such
as
Haeckelheimer
,
Gotloeb
,
Fishel
,
tremendous
capitalists
in
the
East
and
foremost
in
the
directorates
of
huge
transcontinental
lines
,
international
banking-houses
,
and
the
like
,
were
amazed
that
the
newspapers
and
the
anti-Cowperwood
element
should
have
gone
so
far
in
Chicago
.
Had
they
no
respect
for
capital
?
Did
they
not
know
that
long-time
franchises
were
practically
the
basis
of
all
modern
capitalistic
prosperity
?
Such
theories
as
were
now
being
advocated
here
would
spread
to
other
cities
unless
checked
.
America
might
readily
become
anti-capitalistic
--
socialistic
.
Public
ownership
might
appear
as
a
workable
theory
--
and
then
what
?
"
Those
men
out
there
are
very
foolish
,
"
observed
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
at
one
time
to
Mr.
Fishel
,
of
Fishel
,
Stone
&
Symons
.
"
I
ca
n't
see
that
Mr.
Cowperwood
is
different
from
any
other
organizer
of
his
day
.
He
seems
to
me
perfectly
sound
and
able
.
All
his
companies
pay
.
There
are
no
better
investments
than
the
North
and
West
Chicago
railways
.
It
would
be
advisable
,
in
my
judgment
,
that
all
the
lines
out
there
should
be
consolidated
and
be
put
in
his
charge
.
He
would
make
money
for
the
stockholders
.
He
seems
to
know
how
to
run
street-railways
.
"
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"
You
know
,
"
replied
Mr.
Fishel
,
as
smug
and
white
as
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
,
and
in
thorough
sympathy
with
his
point
of
view
,
"
I
have
been
thinking
of
something
like
that
myself
.
All
this
quarreling
should
be
hushed
up
.
It
's
very
bad
for
business
--
very
.
Once
they
get
that
public-ownership
nonsense
started
,
it
will
be
hard
to
stop
.
There
has
been
too
much
of
it
already
.
"
Mr.
Fishel
was
stout
and
round
like
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
,
but
much
smaller
.
He
was
little
more
than
a
walking
mathematical
formula
.
In
his
cranium
were
financial
theorems
and
syllogisms
of
the
second
,
third
,
and
fourth
power
only
.
And
now
behold
a
new
trend
of
affairs
.
Mr.
Timothy
Arneel
,
attacked
by
pneumonia
,
dies
and
leaves
his
holdings
in
Chicago
City
to
his
eldest
son
,
Edward
Arneel
.
Mr.
Fishel
and
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
,
through
agents
and
then
direct
,
approach
Mr.
Merrill
in
behalf
of
Cowperwood
.
There
is
much
talk
of
profits
--
how
much
more
profitable
has
been
the
Cowperwood
regime
over
street-railway
lines
than
that
of
Mr.
Schryhart
.
Mr.
Fishel
is
interested
in
allaying
socialistic
excitement
.
So
,
by
this
time
,
is
Mr.
Merrill
.
Directly
hereafter
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
approaches
Mr.
Edward
Arneel
,
who
is
not
nearly
so
forceful
as
his
father
,
though
he
would
like
to
be
so
.
He
,
strange
to
relate
,
has
come
rather
to
admire
Cowperwood
and
sees
no
advantage
in
a
policy
that
can
only
tend
to
municipalize
local
lines
.
Mr.
Merrill
,
for
Mr.
Fishel
,
approaches
Mr.
Hand
.
"
Never
!
never
!
never
!
"
says
Hand
.
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
approaches
Mr.
Hand
.
"
Never
!
never
!
never
!
To
the
devil
with
Mr.
Cowperwood
!
"
But
as
a
final
emissary
for
Mr.
Haeckelheimer
and
Mr.
Fishel
there
now
appears
Mr.
Morgan
Frankhauser
,
the
partner
of
Mr.
Hand
in
a
seven-million-dollar
traction
scheme
in
Minneapolis
and
St.
Paul
.
Why
will
Mr.
Hand
be
so
persistent
?
Why
pursue
a
scheme
of
revenge
which
only
stirs
up
the
masses
and
makes
municipal
ownership
a
valid
political
idea
,
thus
disturbing
capital
elsewhere
?
Why
not
trade
his
Chicago
holdings
to
him
,
Frankhauser
,
for
Pittsburg
traction
stock
--
share
and
share
alike
--
and
then
fight
Cowperwood
all
he
pleases
on
the
outside
?