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He
dam
glad
he
was
not
dar
.
Hop
Jim
along
,
"
&
c.
During
the
remaining
holidays
succeeding
Christmas
,
they
are
provided
with
passes
,
and
permitted
to
go
where
they
please
within
a
limited
distance
,
or
they
may
remain
and
labor
on
the
plantation
,
in
which
case
they
are
paid
for
it
.
It
is
very
rarely
,
however
,
that
the
latter
alternative
is
accepted
.
They
may
be
seen
at
these
times
hurrying
in
all
directions
,
as
happy
looking
mortals
as
can
be
found
on
the
face
of
the
earth
.
They
are
different
beings
from
what
they
are
in
the
field
;
the
temporary
relaxation
,
the
brief
deliverance
from
fear
,
and
from
the
lash
,
producing
an
entire
metamorphosis
in
their
appearance
and
demeanor
.
In
visiting
,
riding
,
renewing
old
friendships
,
or
,
perchance
,
reviving
some
old
attachment
,
or
pursuing
whatever
pleasure
may
suggest
itself
,
the
time
is
occupied
.
Such
is
"
southern
life
as
it
is
,
"
three
days
in
the
year
,
as
I
found
it
--
the
other
three
hundred
and
sixty-two
being
days
of
weariness
,
and
fear
,
and
suffering
,
and
unremitting
labor
.
Marriage
is
frequently
contracted
during
the
holidays
,
if
such
an
institution
may
be
said
to
exist
among
them
.
The
only
ceremony
required
before
entering
into
that
"
holy
estate
,
"
is
to
obtain
the
consent
of
the
respective
owners
.
It
is
usually
encouraged
by
the
masters
of
female
slaves
.
Either
party
can
have
as
many
husbands
or
wives
as
the
owner
will
permit
,
and
either
is
at
liberty
to
discard
the
other
at
pleasure
.
The
law
in
relation
to
divorce
,
or
to
bigamy
,
and
so
forth
,
is
not
applicable
to
property
,
of
course
.
If
the
wife
does
not
belong
on
the
same
plantation
with
the
husband
,
the
latter
is
permitted
to
visit
her
on
Saturday
nights
,
if
the
distance
is
not
too
far
.
Uncle
Abram
's
wife
lived
seven
miles
from
Epps
'
,
on
Bayou
Huff
Power
.
He
had
permission
to
visit
her
once
a
fortnight
,
but
he
was
growing
old
,
as
has
been
said
,
and
truth
to
say
,
had
latterly
well
nigh
forgotten
her
.
Uncle
Abram
had
no
time
to
spare
from
his
meditations
on
General
Jackson
--
connubial
dalliance
being
well
enough
for
the
young
and
thoughtless
,
but
unbecoming
a
grave
and
solemn
philosopher
like
himself
.
With
the
exception
of
my
trip
to
St.
Mary
's
parish
,
and
my
absence
during
the
cane-cutting
seasons
,
I
was
constantly
employed
on
the
plantation
of
Master
Epps
.
He
was
considered
but
a
small
planter
,
not
having
a
sufficient
number
of
hands
to
require
the
services
of
an
overseer
,
acting
in
the
latter
capacity
himself
.
Not
able
to
increase
his
force
,
it
was
his
custom
to
hire
during
the
hurry
of
cotton-picking
.
On
larger
estates
,
employing
fifty
or
a
hundred
,
or
perhaps
two
hundred
hands
,
an
overseer
is
deemed
indispensable
.
These
gentlemen
ride
into
the
field
on
horseback
,
without
an
exception
,
to
my
knowledge
,
armed
with
pistols
,
bowie
knife
,
whip
,
and
accompanied
by
several
dogs
.
They
follow
,
equipped
in
this
fashion
,
in
rear
of
the
slaves
,
keeping
a
sharp
lookout
upon
them
all
.
The
requisite
qualifications
in
an
overseer
are
utter
heartlessness
,
brutality
and
cruelty
.
It
is
his
business
to
produce
large
crops
,
and
if
that
is
accomplished
,
no
matter
what
amount
of
suffering
it
may
have
cost
.
The
presence
of
the
dogs
are
necessary
to
overhaul
a
fugitive
who
may
take
to
his
heels
,
as
is
sometimes
the
case
,
when
faint
or
sick
,
he
is
unable
to
maintain
his
row
,
and
unable
,
also
,
to
endure
the
whip
.
The
pistols
are
reserved
for
any
dangerous
emergency
,
there
having
been
instances
when
such
weapons
were
necessary
.
Goaded
into
uncontrollable
madness
,
even
the
slave
will
sometimes
turn
upon
his
oppressor
.
The
gallows
were
standing
at
Marksville
last
January
,
upon
which
one
was
executed
a
year
ago
for
killing
his
overseer
.
It
occurred
not
many
miles
from
Epps
'
plantation
on
Red
River
.
The
slave
was
given
his
task
at
splitting
rails
.
In
the
course
of
the
day
the
overseer
sent
him
on
an
errand
,
which
occupied
so
much
time
that
it
was
not
possible
for
him
to
perform
the
task
.
The
next
day
he
was
called
to
an
account
,
but
the
loss
of
time
occasioned
by
the
errand
was
no
excuse
,
and
he
was
ordered
to
kneel
and
bare
his
back
for
the
reception
of
the
lash
.
They
were
in
the
woods
alone
--
beyond
the
reach
of
sight
or
hearing
.
The
boy
submitted
until
maddened
at
such
injustice
,
and
insane
with
pain
,
he
sprang
to
his
feet
,
and
seizing
an
axe
,
literally
chopped
the
overseer
in
pieces
.
He
made
no
attempt
whatever
at
concealment
,
but
hastening
to
his
master
,
related
the
whole
affair
,
and
declared
himself
ready
to
expiate
the
wrong
by
the
sacrifice
of
his
life
.
He
was
led
to
the
scaffold
,
and
while
the
rope
was
around
his
neck
,
maintained
an
undismayed
and
fearless
bearing
,
and
with
his
last
words
justified
the
act
.
Besides
the
overseer
,
there
are
drivers
under
him
,
the
number
being
in
proportion
to
the
number
of
hands
in
the
field
.
The
drivers
are
black
,
who
,
in
addition
to
the
performance
of
their
equal
share
of
work
,
are
compelled
to
do
the
whipping
of
their
several
gangs
.
Whips
hang
around
their
necks
,
and
if
they
fail
to
use
them
thoroughly
,
are
whipped
themselves
.
They
have
a
few
privileges
,
however
;
for
example
,
in
cane-cutting
the
hands
are
not
allowed
to
sit
down
long
enough
to
eat
their
dinners
.
Carts
filled
with
corn
cake
,
cooked
at
the
kitchen
,
are
driven
into
the
field
at
noon
.
The
cake
is
distributed
by
the
drivers
,
and
must
be
eaten
with
the
least
possible
delay
.
