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- Исаак Азимов
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- Я, Робот
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- Стр. 261/268
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"
Well
,
"
the
Scotsman
shifted
his
weight
and
sighed
,
"
all
collected
data
goes
through
a
complicated
screening
system
which
involves
both
human
and
mechanical
checking
,
so
that
the
problem
is
not
likely
to
arise
.
-
But
let
us
ignore
that
.
Humans
are
fallible
,
also
corruptible
,
and
ordinary
mechanical
devices
are
liable
to
mechanical
failure
.
"
The
real
point
of
the
matter
is
that
what
we
call
a
'
wrong
datum
'
is
one
which
is
inconsistent
with
all
other
known
data
.
It
is
our
only
criterion
of
right
and
wrong
.
It
is
the
Machine
's
as
well
.
Order
it
for
instance
,
to
direct
agricultural
activity
on
the
basis
of
an
average
July
temperature
in
Iowa
of
57
degrees
Fahrenheit
.
It
wo
n't
accept
that
.
It
will
not
give
an
answer
.
-
Not
that
it
has
any
prejudice
against
that
particular
temperature
,
or
that
an
answer
is
impossible
;
but
because
,
in
the
light
of
all
the
other
data
fed
it
over
a
period
of
years
,
it
knows
that
the
probability
of
an
average
July
temperature
of
57
is
virtually
nil
.
It
rejects
that
datum
.
"
The
only
way
a
'
wrong
datum
'
can
be
forced
on
the
Machine
is
to
include
it
as
part
of
a
self-consistent
whole
,
all
of
which
is
subtly
wrong
in
a
manner
either
too
delicate
for
the
Machine
to
detect
or
outside
the
Machine
's
experience
.
The
former
is
beyond
human
capacity
,
and
the
latter
is
almost
so
,
and
is
becoming
more
nearly
so
as
the
Machine
's
experience
increases
by
the
second
.
"
Stephen
Byerley
placed
two
fingers
to
the
bridge
of
his
nose
,
"
Then
the
Machine
can
not
be
tampered
with
-
And
how
do
you
account
for
recent
errors
,
then
?
"
"
My
dear
Byerley
,
I
see
that
you
instinctively
follow
that
great
error
--
that
the
Machine
knows
all
.
Let
me
cite
you
a
case
from
my
personal
experience
.
The
cotton
industry
engages
experienced
buyers
who
purchase
cotton
.
Their
procedure
is
to
pull
a
tuft
of
cotton
out
of
a
random
bale
of
a
lot
.
They
will
look
at
that
tuft
and
feel
it
,
tease
it
out
,
listen
to
the
crackling
perhaps
as
they
do
so
,
touch
it
with
their
tongue
,
and
through
this
procedure
they
will
determine
the
class
of
cotton
the
bales
represent
.
There
are
about
a
dozen
such
classes
.
As
a
result
of
their
decisions
,
purchases
are
made
at
certain
prices
,
blends
are
made
in
certain
proportions
.
-
Now
these
buyers
can
not
yet
be
replaced
by
the
Machine
.
"
"
Why
not
?
Surely
the
data
involved
is
not
too
complicated
for
it
?
"
"
Probably
not
.
But
what
data
is
this
you
refer
to
?
No
textile
chemist
knows
exactly
what
it
is
that
the
buyer
tests
when
he
feels
a
tuft
of
cotton
.
Presumably
there
's
the
average
length
of
the
threads
,
their
feel
,
the
extent
and
nature
of
their
slickness
,
the
way
they
hang
together
,
and
so
on
.
-
Several
dozen
items
,
subconsciously
weighed
,
out
of
years
of
experience
.
But
the
quantitative
nature
of
these
tests
is
not
known
;
maybe
even
the
very
nature
of
some
of
them
is
not
known
.
So
we
have
nothing
to
feed
the
Machine
.
Nor
can
the
buyers
explain
their
own
judgment
.
They
can
only
say
,
'
Well
,
look
at
it
.
Ca
n't
you
tell
it
's
class-such-and-such
?
'
"
"
I
see
.
"
"
There
are
innumerable
cases
like
that
.
The
Machine
is
only
a
tool
after
all
,
which
can
help
humanity
progress
faster
by
taking
some
of
the
burdens
of
calculations
and
interpretations
off
its
back
.
The
task
of
the
human
brain
remains
what
it
has
always
been
;
that
of
discovering
new
data
to
be
analyzed
,
and
of
devising
new
concepts
to
be
tested
.
A
pity
the
Society
for
Humanity
wo
n't
understand
that
.
"
