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- Герман Мелвилл
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- Моби Дик
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BOOK
I.
(
Folio
)
,
CHAPTER
II
.
(
Right
Whale
)
.
--
In
one
respect
this
is
the
most
venerable
of
the
leviathans
,
being
the
one
first
regularly
hunted
by
man
.
It
yields
the
article
commonly
known
as
whalebone
or
baleen
;
and
the
oil
specially
known
as
"
whale
oil
,
"
an
inferior
article
in
commerce
.
Among
the
fishermen
,
he
is
indiscriminately
designated
by
all
the
following
titles
:
The
Whale
;
the
Greenland
Whale
;
the
Black
Whale
;
the
Great
Whale
;
the
True
Whale
;
the
Right
Whale
.
There
is
a
deal
of
obscurity
concerning
the
Identity
of
the
species
thus
multitudinously
baptized
.
What
then
is
the
whale
,
which
I
include
in
the
second
species
of
my
Folios
?
It
is
the
Great
Mysticetus
of
the
English
naturalists
;
the
Greenland
Whale
of
the
English
whaleman
;
the
Baliene
Ordinaire
of
the
French
whalemen
;
the
Growlands
Walfish
of
the
Swedes
.
It
is
the
whale
which
for
more
than
two
centuries
past
has
been
hunted
by
the
Dutch
and
English
in
the
Arctic
seas
;
it
is
the
whale
which
the
American
fishermen
have
long
pursued
in
the
Indian
ocean
,
on
the
Brazil
Banks
,
on
the
Nor
'
West
Coast
,
and
various
other
parts
of
the
world
,
designated
by
them
Right
Whale
Cruising
Grounds
.
Some
pretend
to
see
a
difference
between
the
Greenland
whale
of
the
English
and
the
right
whale
of
the
Americans
.
But
they
precisely
agree
in
all
their
grand
features
;
nor
has
there
yet
been
presented
a
single
determinate
fact
upon
which
to
ground
a
radical
distinction
.
It
is
by
endless
subdivisions
based
upon
the
most
inconclusive
differences
,
that
some
departments
of
natural
history
become
so
repellingly
intricate
.
The
right
whale
will
be
elsewhere
treated
of
at
some
length
,
with
reference
to
elucidating
the
sperm
whale
.
BOOK
I.
(
Folio
)
,
CHAPTER
III
.
(
Fin-Back
)
.
--
Under
this
head
I
reckon
a
monster
which
,
by
the
various
names
of
Fin-Back
,
Tall-Spout
,
and
Long-John
,
has
been
seen
almost
in
every
sea
and
is
commonly
the
whale
whose
distant
jet
is
so
often
descried
by
passengers
crossing
the
Atlantic
,
in
the
New
York
packet-tracks
.
In
the
length
he
attains
,
and
in
his
baleen
,
the
Fin-back
resembles
the
right
whale
,
but
is
of
a
less
portly
girth
,
and
a
lighter
color
,
approaching
to
olive
.
His
great
lips
present
a
cable-like
aspect
,
formed
by
the
intertwisting
,
slanting
folds
of
large
wrinkles
.
His
grand
distinguishing
feature
,
the
fin
,
from
which
he
derives
his
name
,
is
often
a
conspicuous
object
.
This
fin
is
some
three
or
four
feet
long
,
growing
vertically
from
the
hinder
part
of
the
back
,
of
an
angular
shape
,
and
with
a
very
sharp
pointed
end
.
Even
if
not
the
slightest
other
part
of
the
creature
be
visible
,
this
isolated
fin
will
,
at
times
,
be
seen
plainly
projecting
from
the
surface
.
When
the
sea
is
moderately
calm
,
and
slightly
marked
with
spherical
ripples
,
and
this
gnomon-like
fin
stands
up
and
casts
shadows
upon
the
wrinkled
surface
,
it
may
well
be
supposed
that
the
watery
circle
surrounding
it
somewhat
resembles
a
dial
,
with
its
style
and
wavy
hour-lines
graved
on
it
.
On
that
Ahaz-dial
the
shadow
often
goes
back
.
The
Fin-Back
is
not
gregarious
.
He
seems
a
whale-hater
,
as
some
men
are
man-haters
.
Very
shy
;
always
going
solitary
;
unexpectedly
rising
to
the
surface
in
the
remotest
and
most
sullen
waters
;
his
straight
and
single
lofty
jet
rising
like
a
tall
misanthropic
spear
upon
a
barren
plain
;
gifted
with
such
wondrous
power
and
velocity
in
swimming
,
as
to
defy
all
present
pursuit
from
man
;
this
leviathan
seems
the
banished
and
unconquerable
Cain
of
his
race
,
bearing
for
his
mark
that
style
upon
his
back
.
From
having
the
baleen
in
his
mouth
,
the
Fin-Back
is
sometimes
included
with
the
right
whale
,
among
a
theoretic
species
denominated
Whalebone
whales
,
that
is
,
whales
with
baleen
.
Of
these
so-called
Whalebone
whales
,
there
would
seem
to
be
several
varieties
,
most
of
which
,
however
,
are
little
known
.
Broad-nosed
whales
and
beaked
whales
;
pike-headed
whales
;
bunched
whales
;
under-jawed
whales
and
rostrated
whales
,
are
the
fisherman
's
names
for
a
few
sorts
.
In
connexion
with
this
appellative
of
"
Whalebone
whales
,
"
it
is
of
great
importance
to
mention
,
that
however
such
a
nomenclature
may
be
convenient
in
facilitating
allusions
to
some
kind
of
whales
,
yet
it
is
in
vain
to
attempt
a
clear
classification
of
the
Leviathan
,
founded
upon
either
his
baleen
,
or
hump
,
or
fin
,
or
teeth
;
notwithstanding
that
those
marked
parts
or
features
very
obviously
seem
better
adapted
to
afford
the
basis
for
a
regular
system
of
Cetology
than
any
other
detached
bodily
distinctions
,
which
the
whale
,
in
his
kinds
,
presents
.
How
then
?
The
baleen
,
hump
,
back-fin
,
and
teeth
;
these
are
things
whose
peculiarities
are
indiscriminately
dispersed
among
all
sorts
of
whales
,
without
any
record
to
what
may
be
the
nature
of
their
structure
in
other
and
more
essential
particulars
.
Thus
,
the
sperm
whale
and
the
humpbacked
whale
,
each
has
a
hump
;
but
there
the
similitude
ceases
.
Then
this
same
humpbacked
whale
and
the
Greenland
whale
,
each
of
these
has
baleen
;
but
there
again
the
similitude
ceases
.
And
it
is
just
the
same
with
the
other
parts
above
mentioned
.
In
various
sorts
of
whales
,
they
form
such
irregular
combinations
;
or
,
in
the
case
of
any
one
of
them
detached
,
such
an
irregular
isolation
;
as
utterly
to
defy
all
general
methodization
formed
upon
such
a
basis
.
On
this
rock
every
one
of
the
whale-naturalists
has
split
.
But
it
may
possibly
be
conceived
that
,
in
the
internal
parts
of
the
whale
,
in
his
anatomy
--
there
,
at
least
,
we
shall
be
able
to
hit
the
right
classification
.
Nay
;
what
thing
,
for
example
,
is
there
in
the
Greenland
whale
's
anatomy
more
striking
than
his
baleen
?
Yet
we
have
seen
that
by
his
baleen
it
is
impossible
correctly
to
classify
the
Greenland
whale
.
And
if
you
descend
into
the
bowels
of
the
various
leviathans
,
why
there
you
will
not
find
distinctions
a
fiftieth
part
as
available
to
the
systematizer
as
those
external
ones
already
enumerated
.
What
then
remains
?
nothing
but
to
take
hold
of
the
whales
bodily
,
in
their
entire
liberal
volume
,
and
boldly
sort
them
that
way
.
And
this
is
the
Bibliographical
system
here
adopted
;
and
it
is
the
only
one
that
can
possibly
succeed
,
for
it
alone
is
practicable
.
To
proceed
.
BOOK
I.
(
Folio
)
CHAPTER
IV
.
(
Hump
Back
)
.
--
This
whale
is
often
seen
on
the
northern
American
coast
.
He
has
been
frequently
captured
there
,
and
towed
into
harbor
.
He
has
a
great
pack
on
him
like
a
peddler
;
or
you
might
call
him
the
Elephant
and
Castle
whale
.
At
any
rate
,
the
popular
name
for
him
does
not
sufficiently
distinguish
him
,
since
the
sperm
whale
also
has
a
hump
though
a
smaller
one
.
His
oil
is
not
very
valuable
.
He
has
baleen
.
He
is
the
most
gamesome
and
light-hearted
of
all
the
whales
,
making
more
gay
foam
and
white
water
generally
than
any
other
of
them
.
