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- Герман Мелвилл
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- Моби Дик
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- Стр. 185/297
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If
I
say
,
that
in
any
creature
breathing
is
only
a
function
indispensable
to
vitality
,
inasmuch
as
it
withdraws
from
the
air
a
certain
element
,
which
being
subsequently
brought
into
contact
with
the
blood
imparts
to
the
blood
its
vivifying
principle
,
I
do
not
think
I
shall
err
;
though
I
may
possibly
use
some
superfluous
scientific
words
.
Assume
it
,
and
it
follows
that
if
all
the
blood
in
a
man
could
be
aerated
with
one
breath
,
he
might
then
seal
up
his
nostrils
and
not
fetch
another
for
a
considerable
time
.
That
is
to
say
,
he
would
then
live
without
breathing
.
Anomalous
as
it
may
seem
,
this
is
precisely
the
case
with
the
whale
,
who
systematically
lives
,
by
intervals
,
his
full
hour
and
more
(
when
at
the
bottom
)
without
drawing
a
single
breath
,
or
so
much
as
in
any
way
inhaling
a
particle
of
air
;
for
,
remember
,
he
has
no
gills
.
How
is
this
?
Between
his
ribs
and
on
each
side
of
his
spine
he
is
supplied
with
a
remarkable
involved
Cretan
labyrinth
of
vermicelli-like
vessels
,
which
vessels
,
when
he
quits
the
surface
,
are
completely
distended
with
oxygenated
blood
.
So
that
for
an
hour
or
more
,
a
thousand
fathoms
in
the
sea
,
he
carries
a
surplus
stock
of
vitality
in
him
,
just
as
the
camel
crossing
the
waterless
desert
carries
a
surplus
supply
of
drink
for
future
use
in
its
four
supplementary
stomachs
.
The
anatomical
fact
of
this
labyrinth
is
indisputable
;
and
that
the
supposition
founded
upon
it
is
reasonable
and
true
,
seems
the
more
cogent
to
me
,
when
I
consider
the
otherwise
inexplicable
obstinacy
of
that
leviathan
in
having
his
spoutings
out
,
as
the
fishermen
phrase
it
.
This
is
what
I
mean
.
If
unmolested
,
upon
rising
to
the
surface
,
the
Sperm
Whale
will
continue
there
for
a
period
of
time
exactly
uniform
with
all
his
other
unmolested
risings
.
Say
he
stays
eleven
minutes
,
and
jets
seventy
times
,
that
is
,
respires
seventy
breaths
;
then
whenever
he
rises
again
,
he
will
be
sure
to
have
his
seventy
breaths
over
again
,
to
a
minute
.
Now
,
if
after
he
fetches
a
few
breaths
you
alarm
him
,
so
that
he
sounds
,
he
will
be
always
dodging
up
again
to
make
good
his
regular
allowance
of
air
.
And
not
till
those
seventy
breaths
are
told
,
will
he
finally
go
down
to
stay
out
his
full
term
below
.
Remark
,
however
,
that
in
different
individuals
these
rates
are
different
;
but
in
any
one
they
are
alike
.
Now
,
why
should
the
whale
thus
insist
upon
having
his
spoutings
out
,
unless
it
be
to
replenish
his
reservoir
of
air
,
ere
descending
for
good
?
How
obvious
it
is
too
,
that
this
necessity
for
the
whale
's
rising
exposes
him
to
all
the
fatal
hazards
of
the
chase
.
And
not
by
hook
or
by
net
could
this
vast
leviathan
be
caught
,
when
sailing
a
thousand
fathoms
beneath
the
sunlight
.
Not
so
much
thy
skill
,
then
,
O
hunter
,
as
the
great
necessities
that
strike
the
victory
to
thee
!
In
man
,
breathing
is
incessantly
going
on
--
one
breath
only
serving
for
two
or
three
pulsations
;
so
that
whatever
other
business
he
has
to
attend
to
,
waking
or
sleeping
,
breathe
he
must
,
or
die
he
will
.
But
the
Sperm
Whale
only
breathes
about
one
seventh
or
Sunday
of
his
time
.
It
has
been
said
that
the
whale
only
breathes
through
his
spout-hole
;
if
it
could
truthfully
be
added
that
his
spouts
are
mixed
with
water
,
then
I
opine
we
should
be
furnished
with
the
reason
why
his
sense
of
smell
seems
obliterated
in
him
;
for
the
only
thing
about
him
that
at
all
answers
to
his
nose
is
that
identical
spout-hole
;
and
being
so
clogged
with
two
elements
,
it
could
not
be
expected
to
have
the
power
of
smelling
.
But
owing
to
the
mystery
of
the
spout
--
whether
it
be
water
or
whether
it
be
vapor
--
no
absolute
certainty
can
as
yet
be
arrived
at
on
this
head
.
Sure
it
is
,
nevertheless
,
that
the
Sperm
Whale
has
no
proper
olfactories
.
But
what
does
he
want
of
them
?
No
roses
,
no
violets
,
no
Cologne-water
in
the
sea
.
Furthermore
,
as
his
windpipe
solely
opens
into
the
tube
of
his
spouting
canal
,
and
as
that
long
canal
--
like
the
grand
Erie
Canal
--
is
furnished
with
a
sort
of
locks
(
that
open
and
shut
)
for
the
downward
retention
of
air
or
the
upward
exclusion
of
water
,
therefore
the
whale
has
no
voice
;
unless
you
insult
him
by
saying
,
that
when
he
so
strangely
rumbles
,
he
talks
through
his
nose
.
But
then
again
,
what
has
the
whale
to
say
?
Seldom
have
I
known
any
profound
being
that
had
anything
to
say
to
this
world
,
unless
forced
to
stammer
out
something
by
way
of
getting
a
living
.
Oh
!
happy
that
the
world
is
such
an
excellent
listener
!
Now
,
the
spouting
canal
of
the
Sperm
Whale
,
chiefly
intended
as
it
is
for
the
conveyance
of
air
,
and
for
several
feet
laid
along
,
horizontally
,
just
beneath
the
upper
surface
of
his
head
,
and
a
little
to
one
side
;
this
curious
canal
is
very
much
like
a
gas-pipe
laid
down
in
a
city
on
one
side
of
a
street
.
But
the
question
returns
whether
this
gas-pipe
is
also
a
water-pipe
;
in
other
words
,
whether
the
spout
of
the
Sperm
Whale
is
the
mere
vapor
of
the
exhaled
breath
,
or
whether
that
exhaled
breath
is
mixed
with
water
taken
in
at
the
mouth
,
and
discharged
through
the
spiracle
.
It
is
certain
that
the
mouth
indirectly
communicates
with
the
spouting
canal
;
but
it
can
not
be
proved
that
this
is
for
the
purpose
of
discharging
water
through
the
spiracle
.
Because
the
greatest
necessity
for
so
doing
would
seem
to
be
,
when
in
feeding
he
accidentally
takes
in
water
.
But
the
Sperm
Whale
's
food
is
far
beneath
the
surface
,
and
there
he
can
not
spout
even
if
he
would
.
Besides
,
if
you
regard
him
very
closely
,
and
time
him
with
your
watch
,
you
will
find
that
when
unmolested
,
there
is
an
undeviating
rhyme
between
the
periods
of
his
jets
and
the
ordinary
periods
of
respiration
.
But
why
pester
one
with
all
this
reasoning
on
the
subject
?
Speak
out
!
You
have
seen
him
spout
;
then
declare
what
the
spout
is
;
can
you
not
tell
water
from
air
?
My
dear
sir
,
in
this
world
it
is
not
so
easy
to
settle
these
plain
things
.
I
have
ever
found
your
plain
things
the
knottiest
of
all
.
And
as
for
this
whale
spout
,
you
might
almost
stand
in
it
,
and
yet
be
undecided
as
to
what
it
is
precisely
.
The
central
body
of
it
is
hidden
in
the
snowy
sparkling
mist
enveloping
it
;
and
how
can
you
certainly
tell
whether
any
water
falls
from
it
,
when
,
always
,
when
you
are
close
enough
to
a
whale
to
get
a
close
view
of
his
spout
,
he
is
in
a
prodigious
commotion
,
the
water
cascading
all
around
him
.
And
if
at
such
times
you
should
think
that
you
really
perceived
drops
of
moisture
in
the
spout
,
how
do
you
know
that
they
are
not
merely
condensed
from
its
vapor
;
or
how
do
you
know
that
they
are
not
those
identical
drops
superficially
lodged
in
the
spout-hole
fissure
,
which
is
countersunk
into
the
summit
of
the
whale
's
head
?
For
even
when
tranquilly
swimming
through
the
mid-day
sea
in
a
calm
,
with
his
elevated
hump
sun-dried
as
a
dromedary
's
in
the
desert
;
even
then
,
the
whale
always
carries
a
small
basin
of
water
on
his
head
,
as
under
a
blazing
sun
you
will
sometimes
see
a
cavity
in
a
rock
filled
up
with
rain
.
