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441
"
Yes
.
These
creatures
you
have
seen
are
animals
carven
and
wrought
into
new
shapes
.
To
that
,
to
the
study
of
the
plasticity
of
living
forms
,
my
life
has
been
devoted
.
I
have
studied
for
years
,
gaining
in
knowledge
as
I
go
.
I
see
you
look
horrified
,
and
yet
I
am
telling
you
nothing
new
.
It
all
lay
in
the
surface
of
practical
anatomy
years
ago
,
but
no
one
had
the
temerity
to
touch
it
.
It
is
not
simply
the
outward
form
of
an
animal
which
I
can
change
.
The
physiology
,
the
chemical
rhythm
of
the
creature
,
may
also
be
made
to
undergo
an
enduring
modification
,
--
of
which
vaccination
and
other
methods
of
inoculation
with
living
or
dead
matter
are
examples
that
will
,
no
doubt
,
be
familiar
to
you
.
A
similar
operation
is
the
transfusion
of
blood
,
--
with
which
subject
,
indeed
,
I
began
.
These
are
all
familiar
cases
.
442
Less
so
,
and
probably
far
more
extensive
,
were
the
operations
of
those
mediaeval
practitioners
who
made
dwarfs
and
beggar-cripples
,
show-monsters
,
--
some
vestiges
of
whose
art
still
remain
in
the
preliminary
manipulation
of
the
young
mountebank
or
contortionist
.
Victor
Hugo
gives
an
account
of
them
in
'
L'Homme
qui
Rit
.
'
--
But
perhaps
my
meaning
grows
plain
now
.
You
begin
to
see
that
it
is
a
possible
thing
to
transplant
tissue
from
one
part
of
an
animal
to
another
,
or
from
one
animal
to
another
;
to
alter
its
chemical
reactions
and
methods
of
growth
;
to
modify
the
articulations
of
its
limbs
;
and
,
indeed
,
to
change
it
in
its
most
intimate
structure
.
443
"
And
yet
this
extraordinary
branch
of
knowledge
has
never
been
sought
as
an
end
,
and
systematically
,
by
modern
investigators
until
I
took
it
up
!
Some
of
such
things
have
been
hit
upon
in
the
last
resort
of
surgery
;
most
of
the
kindred
evidence
that
will
recur
to
your
mind
has
been
demonstrated
as
it
were
by
accident
,
--
by
tyrants
,
by
criminals
,
by
the
breeders
of
horses
and
dogs
,
by
all
kinds
of
untrained
clumsy-handed
men
working
for
their
own
immediate
ends
.
I
was
the
first
man
to
take
up
this
question
armed
with
antiseptic
surgery
,
and
with
a
really
scientific
knowledge
of
the
laws
of
growth
.
Yet
one
would
imagine
it
must
have
been
practised
in
secret
before
.
Such
creatures
as
the
Siamese
Twins
--
And
in
the
vaults
of
the
Inquisition
.
No
doubt
their
chief
aim
was
artistic
torture
,
but
some
at
least
of
the
inquisitors
must
have
had
a
touch
of
scientific
curiosity
.
Отключить рекламу
444
"
445
"
But
,
"
said
I
,
"
these
things
--
these
animals
talk
!
"
446
He
said
that
was
so
,
and
proceeded
to
point
out
that
the
possibility
of
vivisection
does
not
stop
at
a
mere
physical
metamorphosis
.
A
pig
may
be
educated
.
The
mental
structure
is
even
less
determinate
than
the
bodily
.
In
our
growing
science
of
hypnotism
we
find
the
promise
of
a
possibility
of
superseding
old
inherent
instincts
by
new
suggestions
,
grafting
upon
or
replacing
the
inherited
fixed
ideas
.
Very
much
indeed
of
what
we
call
moral
education
,
he
said
,
is
such
an
artificial
modification
and
perversion
of
instinct
;
pugnacity
is
trained
into
courageous
self-sacrifice
,
and
suppressed
sexuality
into
religious
emotion
.
And
the
great
difference
between
man
and
monkey
is
in
the
larynx
,
he
continued
,
--
in
the
incapacity
to
frame
delicately
different
sound-symbols
by
which
thought
could
be
sustained
.
In
this
I
failed
to
agree
with
him
,
but
with
a
certain
incivility
he
declined
to
notice
my
objection
.
He
repeated
that
the
thing
was
so
,
and
continued
his
account
of
his
work
.
447
I
asked
him
why
he
had
taken
the
human
form
as
a
model
.
There
seemed
to
me
then
,
and
there
still
seems
to
me
now
,
a
strange
wickedness
for
that
choice
.
Отключить рекламу
448
He
confessed
that
he
had
chosen
that
form
by
chance
.
"
I
might
just
as
well
have
worked
to
form
sheep
into
llamas
and
llamas
into
sheep
.
I
suppose
there
is
something
in
the
human
form
that
appeals
to
the
artistic
turn
more
powerfully
than
any
animal
shape
can
.
But
I
've
not
confined
myself
to
man-making
.
449
Once
or
twice
--
"
He
was
silent
,
for
a
minute
perhaps
.
"
These
years
!
How
they
have
slipped
by
!
And
here
I
have
wasted
a
day
saving
your
life
,
and
am
now
wasting
an
hour
explaining
myself
!
"
450
"
But
,
"
said
I
,
"
I
still
do
not
understand
.
Where
is
your
justification
for
inflicting
all
this
pain
?
The
only
thing
that
could
excuse
vivisection
to
me
would
be
some
application
--
"