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- Джордж Оруэлл
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- Скотный двор
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- Стр. 17/39
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The
windmill
was
,
in
fact
,
Napoleon
’
s
own
creation
.
Why
,
then
,
asked
somebody
,
had
he
spoken
so
strongly
against
it
?
Here
Squealer
looked
very
sly
.
That
,
he
said
,
was
Comrade
Napoleon
’
s
cunning
.
He
had
SEEMED
to
oppose
the
windmill
,
simply
as
a
manoeuvre
to
get
rid
of
Snowball
,
who
was
a
dangerous
character
and
a
bad
influence
.
Now
that
Snowball
was
out
of
the
way
,
the
plan
could
go
forward
without
his
interference
.
This
,
said
Squealer
,
was
something
called
tactics
.
He
repeated
a
number
of
times
,
"
Tactics
,
comrades
,
tactics
!
"
skipping
round
and
whisking
his
tail
with
a
merry
laugh
.
The
animals
were
not
certain
what
the
word
meant
,
but
Squealer
spoke
so
persuasively
,
and
the
three
dogs
who
happened
to
be
with
him
growled
so
threateningly
,
that
they
accepted
his
explanation
without
further
questions
.
All
that
year
the
animals
worked
like
slaves
.
But
they
were
happy
in
their
work
;
they
grudged
no
effort
or
sacrifice
,
well
aware
that
everything
that
they
did
was
for
the
benefit
of
themselves
and
those
of
their
kind
who
would
come
after
them
,
and
not
for
a
pack
of
idle
,
thieving
human
beings
.
Throughout
the
spring
and
summer
they
worked
a
sixty
-
hour
week
,
and
in
August
Napoleon
announced
that
there
would
be
work
on
Sunday
afternoons
as
well
.
This
work
was
strictly
voluntary
,
but
any
animal
who
absented
himself
from
it
would
have
his
rations
reduced
by
half
.
Even
so
,
it
was
found
necessary
to
leave
certain
tasks
undone
.
The
harvest
was
a
little
less
successful
than
in
the
previous
year
,
and
two
fields
which
should
have
been
sown
with
roots
in
the
early
summer
were
not
sown
because
the
ploughing
had
not
been
completed
early
enough
.
It
was
possible
to
foresee
that
the
coming
winter
would
be
a
hard
one
.
The
windmill
presented
unexpected
difficulties
.
There
was
a
good
quarry
of
limestone
on
the
farm
,
and
plenty
of
sand
and
cement
had
been
found
in
one
of
the
outhouses
,
so
that
all
the
materials
for
building
were
at
hand
.
But
the
problem
the
animals
could
not
at
first
solve
was
how
to
break
up
the
stone
into
pieces
of
suitable
size
.
There
seemed
no
way
of
doing
this
except
with
picks
and
crowbars
,
which
no
animal
could
use
,
because
no
animal
could
stand
on
his
hind
legs
.
Only
after
weeks
of
vain
effort
did
the
right
idea
occur
to
somebody
-
namely
,
to
utilise
the
force
of
gravity
.
Huge
boulders
,
far
too
big
to
be
used
as
they
were
,
were
lying
all
over
the
bed
of
the
quarry
.
The
animals
lashed
ropes
round
these
,
and
then
all
together
,
cows
,
horses
,
sheep
,
any
animal
that
could
lay
hold
of
the
rope
—
even
the
pigs
sometimes
joined
in
at
critical
moments
—
they
dragged
them
with
desperate
slowness
up
the
slope
to
the
top
of
the
quarry
,
where
they
were
toppled
over
the
edge
,
to
shatter
to
pieces
below
.
Transporting
the
stone
when
it
was
once
broken
was
comparatively
simple
.
The
horses
carried
it
off
in
cart
-
loads
,
the
sheep
dragged
single
blocks
,
even
Muriel
and
Benjamin
yoked
themselves
into
an
old
governess
-
cart
and
did
their
share
.
By
late
summer
a
sufficient
store
of
stone
had
accumulated
,
and
then
the
building
began
,
under
the
superintendence
of
the
pigs
.
But
it
was
a
slow
,
laborious
process
.
Frequently
it
took
a
whole
day
of
exhausting
effort
to
drag
a
single
boulder
to
the
top
of
the
quarry
,
and
sometimes
when
it
was
pushed
over
the
edge
it
failed
to
break
.
Nothing
could
have
been
achieved
without
Boxer
,
whose
strength
seemed
equal
to
that
of
all
the
rest
of
the
animals
put
together
.
When
the
boulder
began
to
slip
and
the
animals
cried
out
in
despair
at
finding
themselves
dragged
down
the
hill
,
it
was
always
Boxer
who
strained
himself
against
the
rope
and
brought
the
boulder
to
a
stop
.
To
see
him
toiling
up
the
slope
inch
by
inch
,
his
breath
coming
fast
,
the
tips
of
his
hoofs
clawing
at
the
ground
,
and
his
great
sides
matted
with
sweat
,
filled
everyone
with
admiration
.
Clover
warned
him
sometimes
to
be
careful
not
to
overstrain
himself
,
but
Boxer
would
never
listen
to
her
.
His
two
slogans
,
"
I
will
work
harder
"
and
"
Napoleon
is
always
right
,
"
seemed
to
him
a
sufficient
answer
to
all
problems
.
He
had
made
arrangements
with
the
cockerel
to
call
him
three
-
quarters
of
an
hour
earlier
in
the
mornings
instead
of
half
an
hour
.
And
in
his
spare
moments
,
of
which
there
were
not
many
nowadays
,
he
would
go
alone
to
the
quarry
,
collect
a
load
of
broken
stone
,
and
drag
it
down
to
the
site
of
the
windmill
unassisted
.
The
animals
were
not
badly
off
throughout
that
summer
,
in
spite
of
the
hardness
of
their
work
.
If
they
had
no
more
food
than
they
had
had
in
Jones
’
s
day
,
at
least
they
did
not
have
less
.
The
advantage
of
only
having
to
feed
themselves
,
and
not
having
to
support
five
extravagant
human
beings
as
well
,
was
so
great
that
it
would
have
taken
a
lot
of
failures
to
outweigh
it
.
And
in
many
ways
the
animal
method
of
doing
things
was
more
efficient
and
saved
labour
.
Such
jobs
as
weeding
,
for
instance
,
could
be
done
with
a
thoroughness
impossible
to
human
beings
.
And
again
,
since
no
animal
now
stole
,
it
was
unnecessary
to
fence
off
pasture
from
arable
land
,
which
saved
a
lot
of
labour
on
the
upkeep
of
hedges
and
gates
.
Nevertheless
,
as
the
summer
wore
on
,
various
unforeseen
shortages
began
to
make
them
selves
felt
.
There
was
need
of
paraffin
oil
,
nails
,
string
,
dog
biscuits
,
and
iron
for
the
horses
’
shoes
,
none
of
which
could
be
produced
on
the
farm
.
Later
there
would
also
be
need
for
seeds
and
artificial
manures
,
besides
various
tools
and
,
finally
,
the
machinery
for
the
windmill
.
How
these
were
to
be
procured
,
no
one
was
able
to
imagine
.
One
Sunday
morning
,
when
the
animals
assembled
to
receive
their
orders
,
Napoleon
announced
that
he
had
decided
upon
a
new
policy
.
From
now
onwards
Animal
Farm
would
engage
in
trade
with
the
neighbouring
farms
:
not
,
of
course
,
for
any
commercial
purpose
,
but
simply
in
order
to
obtain
certain
materials
which
were
urgently
necessary
.
The
needs
of
the
windmill
must
override
everything
else
,
he
said
.
He
was
therefore
making
arrangements
to
sell
a
stack
of
hay
and
part
of
the
current
year
’
s
wheat
crop
,
and
later
on
,
if
more
money
were
needed
,
it
would
have
to
be
made
up
by
the
sale
of
eggs
,
for
which
there
was
always
a
market
in
Willingdon
.
The
hens
,
said
Napoleon
,
should
welcome
this
sacrifice
as
their
own
special
contribution
towards
the
building
of
the
windmill
.
Once
again
the
animals
were
conscious
of
a
vague
uneasiness
.
Never
to
have
any
dealings
with
human
beings
,
never
to
engage
in
trade
,
never
to
make
use
of
money
—
had
not
these
been
among
the
earliest
resolutions
passed
at
that
first
triumphant
Meeting
after
Jones
was
expelled
?
All
the
animals
remembered
passing
such
resolutions
:
or
at
least
they
thought
that
they
remembered
it
.
