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He
likewise
directed
,
"
that
every
senator
in
the
great
council
of
a
nation
,
after
he
had
delivered
his
opinion
,
and
argued
in
the
defence
of
it
,
should
be
obliged
to
give
his
vote
directly
contrary
;
because
if
that
were
done
,
the
result
would
infallibly
terminate
in
the
good
of
the
public
.
"
When
parties
in
a
state
are
violent
,
he
offered
a
wonderful
contrivance
to
reconcile
them
.
The
method
is
this
:
You
take
a
hundred
leaders
of
each
party
;
you
dispose
them
into
couples
of
such
whose
heads
are
nearest
of
a
size
;
then
let
two
nice
operators
saw
off
the
occiput
of
each
couple
at
the
same
time
,
in
such
a
manner
that
the
brain
may
be
equally
divided
.
Let
the
occiputs
,
thus
cut
off
,
be
interchanged
,
applying
each
to
the
head
of
his
opposite
party-man
.
It
seems
indeed
to
be
a
work
that
requires
some
exactness
,
but
the
professor
assured
us
,
"
that
if
it
were
dexterously
performed
,
the
cure
would
be
infallible
.
"
For
he
argued
thus
:
"
that
the
two
half
brains
being
left
to
debate
the
matter
between
themselves
within
the
space
of
one
skull
,
would
soon
come
to
a
good
understanding
,
and
produce
that
moderation
,
as
well
as
regularity
of
thinking
,
so
much
to
be
wished
for
in
the
heads
of
those
,
who
imagine
they
come
into
the
world
only
to
watch
and
govern
its
motion
:
and
as
to
the
difference
of
brains
,
in
quantity
or
quality
,
among
those
who
are
directors
in
faction
,
the
doctor
assured
us
,
from
his
own
knowledge
,
that
"
it
was
a
perfect
trifle
.
"
I
heard
a
very
warm
debate
between
two
professors
,
about
the
most
commodious
and
effectual
ways
and
means
of
raising
money
,
without
grieving
the
subject
.
The
first
affirmed
,
"
the
justest
method
would
be
,
to
lay
a
certain
tax
upon
vices
and
folly
;
and
the
sum
fixed
upon
every
man
to
be
rated
,
after
the
fairest
manner
,
by
a
jury
of
his
neighbours
.
"
The
second
was
of
an
opinion
directly
contrary
;
"
to
tax
those
qualities
of
body
and
mind
,
for
which
men
chiefly
value
themselves
;
the
rate
to
be
more
or
less
,
according
to
the
degrees
of
excelling
;
the
decision
whereof
should
be
left
entirely
to
their
own
breast
.
"
The
highest
tax
was
upon
men
who
are
the
greatest
favourites
of
the
other
sex
,
and
the
assessments
,
according
to
the
number
and
nature
of
the
favours
they
have
received
;
for
which
,
they
are
allowed
to
be
their
own
vouchers
.
Wit
,
valour
,
and
politeness
,
were
likewise
proposed
to
be
largely
taxed
,
and
collected
in
the
same
manner
,
by
every
person
's
giving
his
own
word
for
the
quantum
of
what
he
possessed
.
But
as
to
honour
,
justice
,
wisdom
,
and
learning
,
they
should
not
be
taxed
at
all
;
because
they
are
qualifications
of
so
singular
a
kind
,
that
no
man
will
either
allow
them
in
his
neighbour
or
value
them
in
himself
.
The
women
were
proposed
to
be
taxed
according
to
their
beauty
and
skill
in
dressing
,
wherein
they
had
the
same
privilege
with
the
men
,
to
be
determined
by
their
own
judgment
.
But
constancy
,
chastity
,
good
sense
,
and
good
nature
,
were
not
rated
,
because
they
would
not
bear
the
charge
of
collecting
.
To
keep
senators
in
the
interest
of
the
crown
,
it
was
proposed
that
the
members
should
raffle
for
employment
;
every
man
first
taking
an
oath
,
and
giving
security
,
that
he
would
vote
for
the
court
,
whether
he
won
or
not
;
after
which
,
the
losers
had
,
in
their
turn
,
the
liberty
of
raffling
upon
the
next
vacancy
.
Thus
,
hope
and
expectation
would
be
kept
alive
;
none
would
complain
of
broken
promises
,
but
impute
their
disappointments
wholly
to
fortune
,
whose
shoulders
are
broader
and
stronger
than
those
of
a
ministry
.
Another
professor
showed
me
a
large
paper
of
instructions
for
discovering
plots
and
conspiracies
against
the
government
.
He
advised
great
statesmen
to
examine
into
the
diet
of
all
suspected
persons
;
their
times
of
eating
;
upon
which
side
they
lay
in
bed
;
with
which
hand
they
wipe
their
posteriors
;
take
a
strict
view
of
their
excrements
,
and
,
from
the
colour
,
the
odour
,
the
taste
,
the
consistence
,
the
crudeness
or
maturity
of
digestion
,
form
a
judgment
of
their
thoughts
and
designs
;
because
men
are
never
so
serious
,
thoughtful
,
and
intent
,
as
when
they
are
at
stool
,
which
he
found
by
frequent
experiment
;
for
,
in
such
conjunctures
,
when
he
used
,
merely
as
a
trial
,
to
consider
which
was
the
best
way
of
murdering
the
king
,
his
ordure
would
have
a
tincture
of
green
;
but
quite
different
,
when
he
thought
only
of
raising
an
insurrection
,
or
burning
the
metropolis
.
The
whole
discourse
was
written
with
great
acuteness
,
containing
many
observations
,
both
curious
and
useful
for
politicians
;
but
,
as
I
conceived
,
not
altogether
complete
.
This
I
ventured
to
tell
the
author
,
and
offered
,
if
he
pleased
,
to
supply
him
with
some
additions
.
He
received
my
proposition
with
more
compliance
than
is
usual
among
writers
,
especially
those
of
the
projecting
species
,
professing
"
he
would
be
glad
to
receive
further
information
.
"
