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This
is
to
acquaint
the
person
into
whose
hands
this
Oar
may
fall
,
that
Daniel
Foss
,
a
native
of
Elkton
,
in
Maryland
,
one
of
the
United
States
of
America
,
and
who
sailed
from
the
port
of
Philadelphia
,
in
1809
,
on
board
the
brig
Negociator
,
bound
to
the
Friendly
Islands
,
was
cast
upon
this
desolate
island
the
February
following
,
where
he
erected
a
hut
and
lived
a
number
of
years
,
subsisting
on
seals
--
he
being
the
last
who
survived
of
the
crew
of
said
brig
,
which
ran
foul
of
an
island
of
ice
,
and
foundered
on
the
25th
Nov.
1809
.
There
it
was
,
quite
clear
.
By
this
means
I
learned
a
lot
about
myself
.
One
vexed
point
,
however
,
I
never
did
succeed
in
clearing
up
.
Was
this
island
situated
in
the
far
South
Pacific
or
the
far
South
Atlantic
?
I
do
not
know
enough
of
sailing-ship
tracks
to
be
certain
whether
the
brig
Negociator
would
sail
for
the
Friendly
Islands
via
Cape
Horn
or
via
the
Cape
of
Good
Hope
.
To
confess
my
own
ignorance
,
not
until
after
I
was
transferred
to
Folsom
did
I
learn
in
which
ocean
were
the
Friendly
Islands
.
The
Japanese
murderer
,
whom
I
have
mentioned
before
,
had
been
a
sailmaker
on
board
the
Arthur
Sewall
ships
,
and
he
told
me
that
the
probable
sailing
course
would
be
by
way
of
the
Cape
of
Good
Hope
.
If
this
were
so
,
then
the
dates
of
sailing
from
Philadelphia
and
of
being
wrecked
would
easily
determine
which
ocean
.
Unfortunately
,
the
sailing
date
is
merely
1809
.
The
wreck
might
as
likely
have
occurred
in
one
ocean
as
the
other
.
Only
once
did
I
,
in
my
trances
,
get
a
hint
of
the
period
preceding
the
time
spent
on
the
island
.
This
begins
at
the
moment
of
the
brig
's
collision
with
the
iceberg
,
and
I
shall
narrate
it
,
if
for
no
other
reason
,
at
least
to
give
an
account
of
my
curiously
cool
and
deliberate
conduct
.
This
conduct
at
this
time
,
as
you
shall
see
,
was
what
enabled
me
in
the
end
to
survive
alone
of
all
the
ship
's
company
.
I
was
awakened
,
in
my
bunk
in
the
forecastle
,
by
a
terrific
crash
.
In
fact
,
as
was
true
of
the
other
six
sleeping
men
of
the
watch
below
,
awaking
and
leaping
from
bunk
to
floor
were
simultaneous
.
We
knew
what
had
happened
.
The
others
waited
for
nothing
,
rushing
only
partly
clad
upon
deck
.
But
I
knew
what
to
expect
,
and
I
did
wait
.
I
knew
that
if
we
escaped
at
all
,
it
would
be
by
the
longboat
.
No
man
could
swim
in
so
freezing
a
sea
.
And
no
man
,
thinly
clad
,
could
live
long
in
the
open
boat
.
Also
,
I
knew
just
about
how
long
it
would
take
to
launch
the
boat
.
So
,
by
the
light
of
the
wildly
swinging
slush-lamp
,
to
the
tumult
on
deck
and
to
cries
of
"
She
's
sinking
!
"
I
proceeded
to
ransack
my
sea-chest
for
suitable
garments
.
Also
,
since
they
would
never
use
them
again
,
I
ransacked
the
sea
chests
of
my
shipmates
.
Working
quickly
but
collectedly
,
I
took
nothing
but
the
warmest
and
stoutest
of
clothes
.
I
put
on
the
four
best
woollen
shirts
the
forecastle
boasted
,
three
pairs
of
pants
,
and
three
pairs
of
thick
woollen
socks
.
So
large
were
my
feet
thus
incased
that
I
could
not
put
on
my
own
good
boots
.
Instead
,
I
thrust
on
Nicholas
Wilton
's
new
boots
,
which
were
larger
and
even
stouter
than
mine
.
Also
,
I
put
on
Jeremy
Nalor
's
pea
jacket
over
my
own
,
and
,
outside
of
both
,
put
on
Seth
Richard
's
thick
canvas
coat
which
I
remembered
he
had
fresh-oiled
only
a
short
while
previous
.
Two
pairs
of
heavy
mittens
,
John
Robert
's
muffler
which
his
mother
had
knitted
for
him
,
and
Joseph
Dawes
'
beaver
cap
atop
my
own
,
both
bearing
ear-and
neck-flaps
,
completed
my
outfitting
.
The
shouts
that
the
brig
was
sinking
redoubled
,
but
I
took
a
minute
longer
to
fill
my
pockets
with
all
the
plug
tobacco
I
could
lay
hands
on
.
Then
I
climbed
out
on
deck
,
and
not
a
moment
too
soon
.
The
moon
,
bursting
through
a
crack
of
cloud
,
showed
a
bleak
and
savage
picture
.
Everywhere
was
wrecked
gear
,
and
everywhere
was
ice
.
The
sails
,
ropes
,
and
spars
of
the
mainmast
,
which
was
still
standing
,
were
fringed
with
icicles
;
and
there
came
over
me
a
feeling
almost
of
relief
in
that
never
again
should
I
have
to
pull
and
haul
on
the
stiff
tackles
and
hammer
ice
so
that
the
frozen
ropes
could
run
through
the
frozen
shivs
.
The
wind
,
blowing
half
a
gale
,
cut
with
the
sharpness
that
is
a
sign
of
the
proximity
of
icebergs
;
and
the
big
seas
were
bitter
cold
to
look
upon
in
the
moonlight
.
The
longboat
was
lowering
away
to
larboard
,
and
I
saw
men
,
struggling
on
the
ice-sheeted
deck
with
barrels
of
provisions
,
abandon
the
food
in
their
haste
to
get
away
.
In
vain
Captain
Nicholl
strove
with
them
.
A
sea
,
breaching
across
from
windward
,
settled
the
matter
and
sent
them
leaping
over
the
rail
in
heaps
.
I
gained
the
captain
's
shoulder
,
and
,
holding
on
to
him
,
I
shouted
in
his
ear
that
if
he
would
board
the
boat
and
prevent
the
men
from
casting
off
,
I
would
attend
to
the
provisioning
.
